HELIX. 381 
correct. As the species is not recorded to have been in the 
possession of our author, his cabinet, of course, cannot be 
regarded as of much authority upon the subject. Nevertheless, 
it may be as well to mention that specimens, which accurately 
agreed with the language of the ‘Systema,’ were found enclosed 
in a paper inscribed “ T'wrbo antiquus,” which name was possibly, 
at one period, designed to have replaced the twice-employed 
appellation of stagnalis, for no species thus denominated has 
been published by our author. These individuals belong to a 
Paludinella, which is very closely allied to, and perchance 
identical with, the Menkean species, the Helix ventrosa of 
Montagu; at least certain examples agreed on comparison with 
some of the latter which had been taken in Greenwich Marshes, 
and which seemed identical with the Paludina stagnorum of 
Turton’s ‘Manual.’ The last-named writer has made the fol- 
lowing remark :—“It appears to us, that this is the hitherto 
obscure species of Linné, who by an oversight had given to 
two distinct species the name of Helix stagnalis. With his 
description our shell most accurately corresponds in every 
particular. By the term “margined,” as applied to the aper- 
ture, it is here meant, as in some other places, that the margin 
is continued all round, and not interrupted by the convexity of 
the penultimate volution.” 
Helix octowaA, 
I observed no specimen in the Linnean collection which 
answered to the description of this shell, whose presence, 
indeed, is not asserted in the final list of T'estacea furnished 
by the younger Linné. From the circumstance that Linneus, 
in illustration of this species, had referred to a figure of Acha- 
tina acicula in Gualtier (plate 6, BB), it has been unwisely 
inferred that the two species were identical. The expression 
“apertura fere orbiculata” is so utterly at variance with the 
character of that shell, wherein the mouth is remarkably 
narrow, as to render further comment unnecessary. ‘The 
Bulimus octonus of Bruguiére (Helix octona, Indie occidentalis, 
of Chemnitz, fig. 1264) has, likewise, been suggested as the 
representative ; but not only is the aperture in that exotic shell 
