ORTMANN: monograph of the naiades of PENNSYLVANIA. 313 



less Tvddelj' distributed, but has been reported from the southern as well as the 

 northern parts of the state (Baker, 1906). Records from Kentucky are scarce 

 (tjT^e locality and Green River, according to Call, 1885). In the Cumberland it 

 is rare in the main river, but common in the tributaries ("Wilson & Clark, 1914). 

 In the Tennessee-drainage it seems to be abundant, from Tennessee and Alabama 

 up to the affluents in Virginia, being found in this region chiefly in the smaller 

 streams. In this region it has also been reported (by Call, 1885) from the French 

 Broad River in North Carolma, and I found it in the Pigeon River in North Caro- 

 lina. 



South of the Tennessee and West of the Mississippi it is absent. 



In addition it has crossed over into the lake-drainage in Indiana, St. Joseph 

 River, Michigan basm, and Maumee River (Call, 1896a) and Ohio (Sterki, 1907a), 

 and is found in the latter state and in southeastern ^Michigan in the drainage of 

 Lake Erie (Walker, 1898).-" It is not known to go up in the Allegheny-drainage 

 into New York state, but Marshall (1895) gives it from Medina, Orleans Co., 

 and the Genesee River, ]\Ionroe County, in the Lake Ontario-di-ainage, and from 

 Butternut Creek in Otsego Count}' (tributary- to the Susquehanna). These locali- 

 ties should be confirmed, and Simpson treats them as doubtful. 



Baker (1898a) says that, like Eurynia iris, this species is found in lakes and 

 rivers on a sandy or muddy bottom. Tliis is not at aU confirmed by my observa- 

 tions in Pennsylvania. In the upper Tennessee-drainage, where the species is 

 abundant, it prefers rather rough parts of the streams, and ascends (in French 

 Broad and Pigeon Rivers) into the high Appalachians in North Carolina. 



Lampsilis cariosa (Say) (1817) .^^^ 



Lampsilis cariosa (Sat) Simpson), 1914, p. 43.^°' 



Plate XX, figs. 3, 4, 5. 

 Records from Pennsylvania: 



Say, 1817 (Delaware and SchuylkiU Rivers, Philadelphia). 

 Haldeman, 1844 (Lancaster Co.). 



=<" Maumee River (Dall & Simpson, 1895) and Cuj'ahoga River (Dean, 1890) in Ohio, and Huron 

 and Detroit Rivers, in Michigan (Walker, 1892, see also material in Carnegie Museum); also reported 

 from Lake Erie proper by Walker, 1913, but never found on the Pennsylvanian shores. 



^i" Not 1816. 



2°' The figures of Conrad (Mon. 4, 1836, PI. 19) are fine representations of this species, and the 

 same is true of his figures of U. ochracens (PI. 17, fig. 2). If subsequent authors had paid due attention 

 to these figures, the prevailing confusion of these two species (and of the related western forms) would 

 have been impossible. DeKay s figures (1843, PI. 21, figs. 243, 244) surely do not represent cariosus, 

 but are L. ovata ventricosa. Simpson (1895) on pp. 121 and 122 also figures cariosus and ochracevs, and 



