UPPER TENNESSEE DRAINAGE. 539 
1834 and 1836, and the name of costata has been used by Kuester and 
Reeve. Moreover, the true U. undulatus Barnes, ’23, is actually U. 
heros Say, ’29. U. plicatus Say, 1817, is the Lake Erie form 
(=hippopeus Lea, ’45), and costata Raf. of the Ohio drainage, 
apparently is the ancestral form to this. But according to the laws 
of priority, plicatus, although being a local race, has to stand as the 
main species. 
Generally distributed in the upper Tennessee drainage, in Powell, 
Clinch, lower Emory, Holston, French Broad, Nolichucky rivers, 
lower Little River, and Tennessee proper. Goes up to Shawanee, 
Claiborne Co., Tenn., in the Powell; to Cleveland, Russell Co., Va., 
in the Clinch; to Hilton, Scott Co:,, Va., in North Fork Holston; 
and Pactolus, Sullivan Co., Tenn., in South Fork Holston; to the 
mouth of the Nolichucky at Chunn’s Shoals, Hamblen Co., Tenn. 
It also occasionally enters some rather small streams, for instance: 
Poplar Creek, Roane Co., and Boyd Creek, at Boyd Creek, Sevier 
Co., Tenn. 
Type locality: Ohio River (Raf.) (according to Vanatta, the 
type is from small creeks in Kentucky). 
Genus: QuUADRULA Rafinesque, 1820. 
Ortmann, 1912), p. 250. 
13. QUADRULA PUSTULOSA (Lea), 1831. 
Obliquaria bullata Refinesque, ’20.—Unio pustulosus Lea, ’31.— 
Unio pernodosus and U. pustulosus Lewis, °71—Unio pustulosus 
and sphericus Pilsbry & Rhoads, ’96.—Quadrula pustulosa Ort- 
mann, ’12b, p. 251 (anatomy).—Quadrula pustulosa Simpson, 
"14, p. 848. 
According to Vanatta (’15, pp. 550, 557), Obliquaria retusa Raf., 
’20, “probably” is U. pustulosus Lea, 31, and O. bullata Raf., ’20, 
is U. pernodosus Lea, ’45: but the latter is not different from pustu- 
losus. The identity of O. bullata and U. pustulosus has been asserted 
by Conrad in 1834, and is evident from Rafinesque’s description. 
Also Kuester and Reeve have used the name of bullatus. However, 
as Vanatta points out, the specific name bullata is preoccupied by 
