2 PEssIN: EpIPHYLLOUS PLANTS OF JAMAICA 
Marshall Ward (6) worked on an epiphyllous lichen which he 
believed to be the one worked on by Cunningham. He observed 
no penetration of the tissues of the supporting leaf by the lichen 
and therefore decided that it was not parasitic. He did find, 
however, one or more cross walls in the palisade cells of the sup- 
porting leaf beneath the epiphylls, which formed three or four 
layers of these cells instead of the normally single layer. 
Schmidle (5) found species of Trentepohlia arboreum and T. 
aurea as well as Phycopeltis microcystis quite common as epi- 
phyllous forms in Samoa. Massart (3) found that some orchids 
pass their entire existence on a single leaf. He found also that 
the epiphyllous floras differ in different regions. Algae and 
liverworts are the most common epiphyllous forms, while mosses 
acquire the epiphyllous habit only in very humid ravines. 
OBSERVATIONS AND METHODS 
Specimens of epiphyllous plants were collected in various — 
regions in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. The field observations 
were made during June and July, 1919, in the following places: 
Cinchona Plantation (5,000 feet), Morce’s Gap (4,934 feet), 
New Haven Gap (5,600 feet), Green River Valley (3,000 feet), 
Markham Hill (5,800 feet), Vinegar Hill Road (4,500 feet), Clyde 
River Valley (4,500 feet) and Blue Mountain Peak (7,428 feet). 
Material was either pressed or preserved in glycerine in 4 per 
cent formaldehyde, or in 60 per cent alcohol. For careful histo- 
logical study, material was fixed in chromoacetic acid and pre- 
served in 70 per cent alcohol until finally dehydrated, embedded, 
cut and stained with the Flemming’s triple stain. In some cases 
material was left unstained for comparison. 
The Cinchona Plantation: is situated on a spur running oe. 
_ from the Blue Mountains at five thousand feet above sea level. 
The temperature varies between the extremes of 48° and 82° F. 
The vegetation of the garden about the residence of the Cinchona 
Plantation consists largely of introduced plants, many of which 
are Himalayan, Australian and Cape of Good Hope species. 
There are also native tree ferns, orchids, bromeliads, and many 
other transplanted native species. The banks along the trails — 
outside the garden are covered mostly by native ferns interspersed 
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