﻿30 BiCKNELL : Ferns and flowering plants of Nantucket 



that these were planted many years before. The larger pines 

 about them were fully twenty feet in height. Other white ash 

 trees, evidently planted, grow in open ground near the cemeteries 

 on the southeast side of the town. 



Note.— Fine examples of the European ash {Fraxinus excelsior 

 L.), some of them of large dimensions, may be seen along North 

 Water Street and other streets of the town. They fruit pro- 

 lifically, producing green clusters of samaras early in June, and 

 seed themselves freely, growing up into saplings here and there 

 in undisturbed places. After the severe winter of 191 2 the upper 

 branches of most of these trees having a northern exposure had 

 been winter killed while those in more protected situations were 

 uninjured. Vernation is late and, in backward seasons, the trees 

 appear still quite leafless as late as the end of May. 



GENTIANACEAE 

 Centaurium spicatum (L.) Fernald. 



Erythraea spicata (L.) Pers. 



First recorded from Nantucket, and from America, in i84i,by 

 William Oakes in Hovey's Magazine (7: 178, as Erythrea 

 Pickeringii Oakes) having been collected in September, 1829. 

 It grows along the borders of salt meadows and small tidal ponds, 

 and is found along the north side of the island in Shimmo, Shaw- 

 kemo, Quaise and Pocomo at numerous points over a distance of 

 about three miles, and was collected by Mr. Walter Deane, Sept. 

 10, 1885, at Coskaty, some two and one half miles further towards 

 the northeast. I have also found it on Little Neck, on the western 

 side of the island, the extent of its range thus covering a distance of 

 some ten miles. 



The young plants may be detected before the end of June 

 (June 29, 1912, largest plants three inches high). In full flower 

 and with mature fruit August 16, 1906; September 5, 1904; still 

 in bloom September 21, 1909. 

 Sabbatia campanulata (L.) Torr. 



S. gracilis Salisb. 



Shores of Almanac Pond and in wet places, also under fresh 

 water conditions, at one or more stations in Squam. Plants ten 

 inches high June 25, 19JO; at the same place only two to three 



