﻿Nichols: The vegetation of Connecticut 189 



Cinna arundinacea Symplocarpus foetidus 



Coptis trijolia Thalictrum polygamum 



Galium Claytoni Veratrum viride 



Glyceria Torreyana Viola cucullata 



Hydrocotyle americana Viola pallens 



Just as was pointed out in connection with Car ex stricta swamps, 

 the presence in wooded swamps of elevations, formed here by 

 stumps, fallen trunks, roots, etc., makes possible the < 

 many species which would be unable to grow in the lower, 



The Rdle of Liverworts and Mosses in Lowland Stu 

 A short digression may be made at this point to consider the part 

 played in the succession by liverworts and mosses. These are 

 sometimes present in great profusion and may contribute in some 

 measure to the accumulation of humus. In the subaquatic stages 

 of the succession they are often represented by submersed or 

 floating species, such as Ricciella fluitans, Ricciocarpus natans, 

 Fontinalis antipyretica var. gigantea, Fontinalis novae-angliae, 

 and various forms of Drepanocladus. Species of Sphagnum may 

 be present here as well as in the earlier swamp stages, but they are 

 often absent and seldom develop as luxuriantly as in the bog 

 succession which will be described presently. Common mosses 

 of open sedge or shrub swamps are Aulacomnium palustre, Bryum 

 veniricosum, Philonotis fontana, Elodium paludosum, Chrysohypnum 

 stellatum, Acrocladium cuspidatum, and Polytrichum commune, 

 while the liverworts Anthoceros laevis and Pellia epiphylla often 

 grow on the perpendicular sides of Carex stricta hummocks. In 

 wooded swamps the bryophytes are usually well represented, the 

 following species being perhaps as characteristic as any. 

 Growing in moist or wet depressions: 

 Pallavicinia Lyellii Mnium punctatiim 



Chiloscyphus rivularis Mnium cinclidioides 



Sphagnum sp. Brachythecium novae-angliae 



Bryum himiim Calliergon cordifolium 



Climacium americanum 

 Growing on stumps, logs, etc. : 

 Cephalozia connivens Dicranum flagellare 



Bazzania trilobata Leucobryum glaucum 



