﻿Nichols: The vegetation of Connecticut 209 



(Fig. 14), there is a magnificent forest of spruce. Here, however, 

 the black spruce of the opener parts of the bog seems to have been 

 largely superseded by the red spruce {Picea rubra), a species which 

 attains a much larger size, but which is absent from most sections 

 of the state.* Along with the spruce in this Bingham Pond forest 



Water of 





grow the mountain ash (Pyrus 

 found in bogs in other sections of the state, and commonly in 

 bogs farther north. There are also scattered yellow birches, but 

 the spruce predominates, casting a shade so dense as to effectually 

 exclude nearly all of the herbs and shrubs characteristic of the 

 open bog. The ground beneath in many places is carpeted with 

 various mosses and liverworts, e. g., Bazzania trilobata, Dicranum 

 scoparium, Dicranum undulatum, Leucobryum glaucum, Hyloco- 

 mium splendens, Ptilium Crista-castrensis, Stereodon imponens, 



