﻿460 Scott: A Study, of Pasture Trees and Shrubbery 



a clump of wild roses, a haw or a spice bush or even from the center 

 of a group of less fortunate elms is a common sight. 



In one plot of about 1.5 hectares sixty elms were counted, all of 

 which were unprotected. Of these 90 per cent., or fifty-four, were 

 less than 80 cm. in height and none were beyond the reach of the 

 cattle. The tallest was 1.5 m. In another plot 50 m. square, 121 

 elms were found, seventeen of which were either protected at the 



in height thouj 



time or had been at a time which permitted them to escape from the 

 cattle. Of the 104 which were unprotected only two exceeded 

 I m. in height and none were beyond the reach of the cattle. 

 80 per cent, of all the elms in this plot were below i m. in height 

 and 23 per cent, enjoyed protection. In the same plot fifty oaks • 

 were found with only 56 per cent, below i m. and 12 per cent, 

 unprotected. 



Summary and Conclusions 



1. The haws, apples, oaks, and elms are able to withstand 

 constant browsing by cattle for a prolonged period of time. 



2. In general other trees in pastures, as the ash, are killed with- 

 in a few years; or they are avoided by the cattle, as the hickories 

 and other nut-bearing trees. 



