122 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
INTRODUCTORY PAPERS ON LEPIDOPTERA. 
By W. F. Kirsy. 
(Assistant in the Zoological Department, British Museum.) 
No. XIX. NYMPHALIDA—NYMPHALINA! (concluded). 
Tue East Indian genus Huthalia is very extensive, and 
includes species of considerable size (from 2 to 5 inches in 
expanse). They are generally brown or olive-green above, with 
paler markings, several species being banded with greenish 
white or buff, in the same manner as Limenitis. They are, 
however, much more robust insects, and the hind margin is more 
or less concave. Many are banded with white on the fore wings 
only, while others are marked with blood-red spots. A. durga, 
one of the largest and handsomest species, exceeds 4 inches in 
expanse. The wings are dull green, with a broad white band 
divided into oblong spots by the nervures, extending across the 
fore wings to the middle of the hind wings. I[’rom the middle of 
the fore wings to the anal angle of the hind wings runs an 
irregular blue suffused band outside the white one. 
In the beautiful East Indian genus Symphedra the males are 
deep black, broadly bordered with a shaded blue or green band ; 
and we find a similar arrangement of colour in the males of some 
of the smaller species of Huthaha. ‘The females of Symphedra 
are larger than the males, and are marked with several rows of 
white or buff spots. Symphedra nais, the smallest species of the 
genus, is, however, differently coloured. It expands nearly 2 
inches across the wings, which are of a pale red, with some 
rather large blackish spots on the fore wings, and a submarginal 
row of smaller ones. 
The genus Apatwra is too well known to detain us long. It is 
found in most parts of the world; and although several of the 
Indian and South American species are very inferior to our own 
A. iris in size and colour, yet others are suffused with much 
brighter blue or green. The under surface of some of the South 
American species is of a most brilliant silvery white. 
A much commoner genus in South America, however, is 
Prepona. ‘These are large, black, robust butterflies, 4 inches in 
expanse, with a broad blue band across both wings. 
Another remarkable South American genus is Aganisthos. 
