THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
Vou. XVI.) NOVEMBER, 1888. [No. 246. 
NOTES FROM GIBRALTAR. 
By Captain E. F. Becuer, R.A. 
I was staying at Gibraltar from the end of August, 1881, 
until July, 1882, and the following short account of the Lepi- 
doptera observed there during my visit may not prove uninterest- 
ing to some entomologists. 
I did not turn my attention much to the Heterocera, but 
I think that I worked the Rhopalocera fairly during my stay, and 
among the first species that I observed was Papilio machaon, 
which I took on the Rock on the 80th of September; and it again 
made its appearance during the second week of March the next 
year. One of the earliest butterflies to appear on the Rock is 
T. rumina, which usually makes its appearance about the begin- 
ning of March; it varies very considerably in numbers, its 
abundance or scarcity depending much upon the season, but it is 
usually fairly plentiful. The spring previous to my stay was 
a very wet one, and this insect was not observed at all: one of 
its favourite haunts is just above the Alameda Gardens, where I 
had no difficulty in procuring it. Among the Pieride I noticed 
Pieris rape, P. napt, and P. brassice, but I have no note beyond 
their mere occurrence. Huchloe belemia is fairly common on the 
Rock, as is also EL. ewphenoides, the latter of which appears about 
the commencement of March, and is especially common in the 
Cork Woods; the first time I noted the appearance of the 
females was the 10th of April. I also came across an occasional 
E. cardamines in the Cork Woods; and I likewise noticed a few 
Leucophasia sinapis in the same locality, but it is not common. 
I also took one of the variety diniensis there; this species and 
QF 
