258 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
These abnormities differ materially from the dwarfed imagines 
that are produced by starving the larve. Although Mr. Layard’s 
specimen was suffering from a very different cause to that which 
I have described, still my evidence will, I think, go a good way 
to confirm his theory that the perfection of the imago depends 
in a great measure upon the condition of the insect’s health in 
the larval stage. I hope that the above remarks may elicit the 
experience of others upon this most interesting subject.—Marrin 
J. Harpine; Cottisbrooke, Shrewsbury, Oct. 6, 1883. 
CoLiAs EDUSA AT EAsTBouRNE. —I was pleased to see two 
notices of Colias edusa in the October ‘ Entomologist,’ and should 
like to record a third. On my way from the High Woods, Bex- 
hill, September 19th, a fine male Colias edusa flew over the hedge 
just in front of me, and preceded me for quite a hundred yards. 
It continually settled, but having no net I was unable to capture 
it.—R. M. Soruesy; Rozel, Eastbourne. 
ConiAs EDUSA.—Seeing this insect noticed in the October 
number of the ‘Entomologist,’ I think it may interest some of 
your readers to learn that I observed it in some plenty in the 
middle of September last, flying in its usual haunts over lucerne 
and stubble fields, some few miles from Stratford-upon-Avon, 
though all the specimens I netted were rather worn; a week 
earlier I also saw several individuals in very fine condition in the 
Isle of Wight. Previously to this I had not seen a single speci- 
men of the insect since the great season of 1877, although I 
have visited the Stratford locality several times about the same 
time of year since then; in 1877 it was very common in the 
fields where I saw it this year. I also noticed this autumn, in 
the Stratford neighbourhood, immense numbers of Plusia gamma, 
and an unusual profusion of Vanessa cardui; in 1877 these two 
insects accompanied C. edusa in its abnormal appearance; so 
may not the respective appearances, and in unusual quantities, of 
these three species have some common cause to produce them ? 
Referring to Mr. J. H. Jenner’s notes on Abraxas ulmata, I may 
mention that the insect occurs in great profusion in several 
localities in Cheshire, though where met with its range of distri- 
bution is very limited, often being almost confined to a single 
coppice. —W. GarpNneR; C. 18, Exchange, Liverpool. 
