138 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
siderable foliage dropped from parts where it was thickest and 
evaporation presumably much slower. This was particularly 
true where the 25% emulsion was freely used. 
Good’s whale oil soap no. 3. About 35 peachtrees in the old 
peach orchard at Warwick were sprayed with this substance, 
using 2 pounds to the gallon. The application was made on 
Mar. 24 and 25, and the weather was bright and sunny, and 
there was practically no breeze while the spraying was in prog- 
ress. No rain fell till Friday afternoon, the 28th, when it com- 
menced to drizzle, and it poured during the night. 
An examination of these trees July 8 showed that there were 
very few living young on those near the northern end of the 
orchard. There were perhaps a few more scale insects than 
on those treated with the lime, salt and sulfur. mixture. The 
setting of the fruit was apparently unaffected by the application. 
A number of young trees in the young orchard on the hill, 
sprayed by Mr Williams with this substance, using 144 pounds 
to the gallon, had a few scales, while many were perfectly free. 
The application was hardly as effective as the crude petroleum. 
Some unsprayed trees on the eastern side of this small orchard 
had from a few to many scales, while there were very few or 
nene on most. It should be stated that the San José scale does 
not appear to have thriven in the orchards where the experi- 
ments were conducted, and consequently the results are not so 
decisive as might be wished. 
An examination Noy. 24 failed to give anything decisive in 
the old orchard, where conditions, so far as experimental work 
was concerned, were far from satisfactory. The trees, generally 
speaking, were in better shape than those sprayed with the crude 
petroleum, and in nearly as good condition as those treated with 
lime, salt and sulfur. The most marked results were observed 
in the young orchard on the hill, where a large number of the 
trees, as previously stated, were sprayed last spring with 114 
pounds of soap per gallon. These trees were not, generally 
speaking, as free from the scale as the young trees which had 
been sprayed with the mechanical crude petroleum emulsion, 
but none of them were seriously infested, and a great many were 
comparatively free from living insects. There was a striking 
difference to be observed between these and others which were 
