96 



NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



leaves are skeletonized soon after being covered with the web, 

 and turning brown give an infested tree a very unsightly and 

 characteristic appearance. This pest causes more or less injury 

 from year to year and the past season has been marked by serious 

 depredations in certain sections of the State. It has caused 

 considerable injury in woodlands about Angola, Erie co., and 

 its nests have been more or less prevalent in apple orchards of 

 the fruit-growing section in western New York. The injury in 

 the latter has not been serious because most of the trees receive 

 enough care to prevent great damage by any leaf feeder. The 

 ordinary spraying practised so generally by progressive fruit 

 growers as a rule keeps this pest under and it is only occasionally 

 that a supplemental application must be made or the nests cut 

 from the trees and the inhabitants destroyed. 



Elm leaf beetle (Ga.lerucella luteola Miill) . This 

 species continues to be more or less destructive in the Hudson 

 valley, and were it not for the systematic annual spraying with 

 arsenical poisons in Albany, the elms, particularly the European 

 species, would be seriously injured every year. Observations 

 about Mount Vernon and Tarrytown, N. Y. showed that many 

 of the elms had been somewhat seriously damaged by this pest 

 and the same is true of Oyster Bay. This pest was particularly 

 destructive at Ossining, the beetles being so abundant as to 

 badly injure the foliage before the grubs appeared. This pest 

 is generally distributed throughout Glens 

 P'alls according to Mr C. L. Williams, 

 though not very destructive except to cer- 

 tain European elms. 



European elm case-bearer (C o 1 e o - 

 p h o r a 1 i m o s i p e n n e 1 1 a Dup. ) . 

 This miner is easily recognized as a case- 

 bearer because of the peculiar habit the 

 larva has of carrying about a cylindric 

 light brown cigar-shaped case in which it 

 lives. It has the same habits so far as 

 known as the allied cigar case-bearer, 

 Coleophora fletcherella Fern. 

 The destructive work of this species has 

 Fig. 9 Case of European elm been evident for scvcral years in Brooklyn 



case-bearer on leaf, much en- , ,. ,-,''i, i- 



larged (Original) parks, and investigations last summer dis- 



closed the fact that it was well established at Oyster Bay, where it 

 was about as injurious as the elm leaf beetle, Galerucella 



