REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 203 
The pupa has been described by Dr Riley as about ‘# of an inch long, 
deep, shiny brown, and thickly punctate, except on the posterior border 
of the joints, and specially on those three immediately below the wing 
sheaths, where it is reddish and not polished ; it terminates in a blunt point 
ornamented with two thorns.’ Pupation occurs underground, in a rude 
earthen cell, which is lined with particles of soil interwoven with silken 
threads. 
The front wings of the moth are of a beautiful, rich purple-brown, 
blending with a delicate lighter shade of brown in the middle. The 
ordinary spots in the middle of the wing, with a third oval spot, more or 
less distinctly marked behind the round one, are edged and traversed by 
white lines so as to appear like delicate net work; a transverse, zig-zag, 
white line, like a sprawling W, is also more or less visible near the outer 
edge, on which edge there is a series of white specks ; a few white atoms 
are also sprinkled in other places on the wing. The hind wings are 
white, faintly edged with brown on the upper and outer edges. The head 
and thorax are of the same color as the front wings, and the body has a 
more grayish cast (Riley). 
Life history. The young larvae may be found in clusters on their 
food plants. As they increase in size, they disperse, till when full 
grown they are found singly here and there. When disturbed, they curl 
up and drop to the ground as do many cut-worms. In confinement they 
have been observed to eat with great rapidity, resting frequently from 
their feeding. The first brood of larvae mature in this latitude the last 
of June or in July. Those received from Alexandria Bay, July 19, were 
about full grown, while Dr Lintner records pupation of some reared 
examples on the 27th of June. The moths from these pupae emerged 
August 11 to 18, and deposited eggs, the earliest of which hatched 
August 20. Thus it will be seen that there are two broods in this state. 
Adults emerging from pupae the latter part of May, lay eggs which pro- 
duce the brood of larvae usually destructive. The moths of the second 
generation fly in August, the larvae from their eggs attaining full growth 
in September or October and wintering as pupae. Like cabbage, one of 
its favorite food plants, the larva can withstand a considerable degree of 
cold, as recorded by Walsh. 
Food plants. The larvae of this species have been previously 
recorded as feeding upon the following plants by various writers: Cab- 
bage, cauliflower, turnip, rutabagas, mignonette, sweet pea, orange, 
clover, beaa, pea, apple, currant, carrot, celery, white berry or snowberry 
(Symphoricarpus racemosius), honeysuckle, burdock, aster, cranberry, 
