REPORT OF STATE ENTOMOLOGIST, 1898 241 
fruit garden has been under my eye for over a year. The scale has 
spread in spite of the efforts of the owner, who used whale oil soap to 
some extent. It has ruined manycurrant bushes, and badly stunteda number 
of pear trees, besides infesting to a certain degree peach and apple-trees. 
On the gth of last July, numerous young were to be found on the more 
tender shoots, some appearing as though dusted with pollen on account of 


Fig. 20 Young of pULVINARIA INNUMERABILIS On maple leaf (original). 
the larvae clustered at their tips. Developing scales were found in small 
numbers on the leaves and abundantly on the fruit. At its present rate 
of multiplication, most of the young trees in that garden will be ruined 
iu a few years.. Only this spring, I found the scale at Lebanon Springs, 
some 20 miles from the Hudson river, and at an elevation of goo feet — 
29° below zero being known in that locality. Even when exposed to such 
extremes of temperature, and probably outside the limits of the upper 
austral life zone, the insect had been able to not only hold its own but 
had increased some, as the few trees infested were badly covered with 
the scale. It had spread very little, though the trees had been set out 
