JOURNAL OF PROCEEDINGS. 
XXX111 
tended that it was very necessary from the facility with which 
analogies of various kinds might be discovered, (see Horae Entomo- 
logicce, pp. 392, 393, and 438,) and the imposing appearance of 
verisimilitude which they imparted to an arrangement, to proceed 
with the greatest caution in the adoption and employment of such 
relations of analogy, instancing as an example, which exhibited, as 
it appeared to him, a want of such caution, the employment by Mr. 
Swainson of the character of the suspension of the chrysalis as af- 
fording proofs of the typicality and sub-typicality of the Popili- 
onidce and Nym/phalidae* — whereas, had it suited with Mr. Swain- 
son’s views to consider the latter as typical, and the former as sub- 
typical, the rapid flight of Camilla, or the height of flight of the 
purple emperor, (towering towards heaven,) might have been ad- 
duced as proofs of the typicality of the Nymphalidce. 
2nd January, 1837. 
The Rev. F. W. Hope, President, in the Chair. 
Donations. 
The Athenaeum for December, 183C. By the Editor. 
No. 18 of the Entomological Magazine. By the Editor. 
An Essay on the Fossorial Hymenoptera of Great Britain. By 
W. E. Shuckard, Esq., the Author thereof. 
Signor Cristofori, of Milan, was elected an Ordinary Foreign 
Member of the Society. 
Exhibitions, Memoirs, &c. 
Mr. Raddon exhibited specimens of insects in raw turpentine and 
* “The chrysalis of the true butterflies (Papilionides, Sw.) is fixed with its head 
upwards, as if it looked to the pure regions of heaven for the enjoyment it is to re- 
ceive in its last and final state of perfection ; but the chrysalis of the brush-footed 
butterflies ( Nymphalides, Sw.) whose caterpillars are stinging, is suspended with the 
head downwards to the earth, thus pointing to the world as the only habitation 
where its innumerable [analogous] types of evil are permitted to reside, or to that 
dark and bottomless region where punishment awaits the wicked at their last great 
change.” — Swainson on the Geography and Classification of Animals, Part iii. 
div. 4 : On the Primary Types of Nature ; the first of which is considered as typical 
of perfection ; and the second as sub-typical, often sanguinary, and as the types of 
evil. 
