THE LESSER-SPOTTED PINION. 3 



more partial to honeydew. It is obtained most frequently per- 

 haps in Berkshire, Middlesex, Surrey, and Hampshire, but it is 

 also known to occur in Devon, Dorset, Sussex, Essex, Suffolk, 

 Cambs., Hunts, Hertfordshire, Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, 

 Herefordshire, and South Wales. A specimen has been taken 

 at a gas lamp in Chester. 



Abroad, the range extends to Japan. 



The Lesser. spotted Pinion {Calyvmia affinis). 



This species varies in the ground colour of the forewings 

 from reddish (typical) to greyish brown (var. siiffusa, Tutt), A 

 pale ochreous-brown form has been named och?'ea, Tutt. The 

 cross markings and stigmata are sometimes all well defined, 

 but often the latter are hardly tiaceable, the cross lines only 

 distinct on the front margin, and the outer one frequently is 

 conspicuously widened. One example of each sex is shown on 

 Plate 2, Figs. 4 J and 5 $ . 



The caterpillar, which feeds on elm from April to June, is of 

 a pale green, inclining to whitish green above, the raised dots 

 white ; there are three white lines on the back, the central one 

 broader and clearer white than the others ; the lines along the 

 area of the black spiracles are whitish ; head green and glossy, 

 legs black, pro-legs greenish marked with reddish. It feeds at 

 night, and conceals itself between leaves during the day. 



The moth appears in July and August, is very partial to 

 sugar and "honeydew," and has been taken at light. It lurks 

 among the foliage of trees and bushes in the daytime, and may 

 occasionally be dislodged therefrom when the boughs are jarred. 

 Although its range extends northwards into Yorkshire, where it 

 is local and scarce, the species seems to be chiefly obtained in 

 the eastern and southern counties of England. No doubt it 

 flourishes best where the &\m{Uhnus ca?npestris)\s most plentiful. 

 In Wales it has been noted from Glamorganshire and Flint. 



