LIFE-HISTORIES OF HESPERIA TESSELLUM AND H. CRIBRELLUM. 7 
Museum, are interesting. They tend towards the intermediate 
condition, the spots, especially c, p, z, being smaller and the 
legs darker than in the typical form. 
Finally, a female taken by myself at Christiansand,.Norway 
(June 17th), may be mentioned. Although very young and the 
infuscation of the yellow on the femora only slight, the nigri- 
femur characters hold good in respect of spots a, B, c, D, B being 
all well separated, the fuscous outline of the middle field being 
heavily marked, the diagonal line being also broad and well 
defined. Hind-wing 27 mm. 
The distribution of Sympetrum striolatum in Scotland has 
been fully and carefully worked out by Mr. Evans (‘‘ Odonata of 
the Forth Area,” Proc. Roy. Physical Soc., xvi. pp. 87-96, 
1905, and ‘Annals Scot. Nat. Hist.,’ 1911, pp. 14-25). It seems 
worthy of notice that, while the species apparently occurs all 
along the western seaboard of Scotland, including at least the 
larger islands, it is found rarely in the east of Scotland, and 
almost certainly does not breed there. Further, I am inclined 
to believe that the ordinary northern limit of S. striolatum as a 
British breeding species on the east coast must be drawn con- 
siderably south of the Scottish border, probably about the 
Humber, but further observations are required to verify this. 
Mr. Porritt says that he has no doubt that the species breeds 
regularly in the low-lying lands at Askern and probably all over 
that (the Doncaster) district, but not in the hilly districts of the 
county, 7. e. north, north-east, east, and most of the south-west, 
although it seems to occur sporadically in most parts of the 
county. He also thinks it may breed in the Hull and Goole 
district, although he has never seen it there. 
Ireland and the west of Scotland have in common a com- 
paratively mild and moist winter climate, and this condition 
may not only render possible the existence of S. striolatum in 
the west and north, while it fails on the east coast of our country, 
but also account for its melanic tendencies. Very likely these 
tendencies vary from season to season, and no doubt the infiux 
of migrants from other areas has something to do with the 
presence of intermediates. 
18, Blackford Road, Edinburgh: November, 1913. 
NOTES ON THE LIFE-HISTORIES OF HESPERIA 
TESSELLUM AND dH. CRIBRELLUM. 
By tHe Hon. N. Caarues Roruscuinp, M.A., F.E.S. 
Herrn Hermann Ranenow, when recently collecting in the 
Ural Mountains, was fortunate enough to discover the larve and 
food-plants of the above-named insects, and has permitted me to 
record his observations in this Journal. 
