NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 41 
might add the larva were kept indoors and out of the sun, so 
probably this had something to do with slow growth. Altogether I 
bred a nice long series, but with little or no variation —A. J. HxETER; 
Watling Street, Dartford, Kent, October 17th, 1913. 
Cormias EDUSA IN MippLEsEx.—Jn previous Hdusa years I have 
usually observed one or two examples here in August or September. 
But this season the ‘‘clouded yellow” has not put in an appearance. 
However, my cousin, Dr. R. P. Cox, of Ealing, informs me that in 
August several visited his garden; and he reports it also to have 
been not uncommon at Shipley, in Sussex, and at Torquay.—H. 
RowutanD-Brown ; Harrow Weald, December 15th, 1913. 
Novss on Conias EvusA, &c., IN Essex.—I first noticed C. edusa 
here on August 20th. The next day I visited a small field of lucerne 
about ten minutes’ walk from my house. On the way a bright looking 
female edusa passed me in the road, but my net was in my pocket. 
On reaching the field not a specimen of edusa was to be seen, but 
after waiting for nearly an hour, a male flew by and settled on one 
of the lucerne flowers and was captured, and in the course of half an 
hour I saw three more, and caught two of them—both males. There 
was a fair amount of bloom on the lucerne, and it was a warm bright 
afternoon, but butterflies were very scarce. I only noticed single 
examples of Pyrameis atalanta, P. cardut, Vanessa 20, a few fresh 
V. urtice, and one or two each of Cenonympha pamphilus, Lycena 
acarus, Chrysophanus phig@as, and Adopea lineola. Pararge megera 
was the most numerous, and there were a few Pers rape and 
P. napi which were noticeable on account of their small size. Two 
of the napi I caught are, I think, the smallest I ever saw, measur- 
ing barely 14 in. across the wings. A few Plusia gamma were 
buzzing about amongst the flowers, and one or two Nomophila 
noctuella (S. hybridalis) were disturbed from the herbage. On 
August 25th I saw a large female edusa flying along the high road. 
The next day I went to Walton-on-the-Naze, as I thought that might 
be a more likely neighbourhood, and I particularly wanted to get a 
female C. edusa for eggs. On arriving at Walton I walked out to the 
eastward of the town, by the footpath on the top of the cliffs, and 
when about half way to the Naze saw a bright-looking female flying 
about willow herb some distance below me, but she would not come 
within reach, nor could I get down to her. Further on I was pleased 
to see, on my left, a large clover field one mass of bloom—indeed, I 
smelt it long before I saw it. Here I thought I should surely find 
all the edusa in the neighbourhood congregated, but was disappointed, 
for when I got into the field, nothing was to be seen but a few rape, 
napi, &e. I stopped there for more than an hour, sat under a hedge, 
eat my lunch, and smoked a pipe, but no edusa would come. It was 
gloriously hot and bright—just the day for them. After this I 
walked a little further along the coast, beyond the Naze, and then 
turned back, as it was time to go to the station for my train home— 
and I had hardly done so when a male edusa came dashing along and 
was secured. On the 28th I saw another male at Dovercourt, and 
this was the last. 
