THE ENTOMOLOGY OF HELIANTHUS. 191 
H. nervosus on May 27th and June 9th, and H. stigma on May 
31st and June 11th. He also took H. nervosus at Woolhope, in 
Herefordshire, on September 7th. H. micans was captured in 
the New Forest on July 27th. 
Green Lace-wings.—Very few were noted. They were: 
Chrysopa perla, on June 8th, in the Wisley district (Surrey) ; 
C. tenella, near Bedford, on June 15th; a large example of 
C. flava, on July 28th, amongst Scotch fir on Beaulieu Heath in 
the New Forest; C. flava, taken by Col. Yerbury on August 
14th at Llangammarch Wells; C. vulgaris, in the New Forest 
on August 31st. 
Dusty-wings.—On August 24th Mr. C. B. Williams and 
myself spent some time searching the holly leaves in the New 
Forest for Coniopteryx psociformis. We found egg, larva, 
cocoon, pupa, empty pupa-skin, and imago. The small white 
egg was laid on the margin of a holly-leaf, the mottled purplish 
brown larva was discovered on the under side of a leaf, in which 
situation also a number of white cocoons were found. The 
cocoon was double—a small one within a much larger one. 
From some the imago had emerged, leaving behind a delicate 
pupa-skin ; but others contained the living pupa. The imago 
was taken on the wing. Mr. Williams has been breeding the 
British species of Coniopteryx, whose life-history was not well 
known, and the result of his experiments will be welcome reading. 
Scorpion-flies—On May 25th I met with the first example of 
Panorpa, a male P. germanica, at the Black Pond, Esher. In 
the Wisley district, on June 8th, P. germanica and a number of 
P. communis were taken. Mr. P. Richards sent me four P. ger- 
manica, from Seabrook, in Kent—an almost immaculate male 
taken May 2nd, another male on May 25th, and two females on 
May 20th; with them was a female P. communis taken on June 
9th. Col. Yerbury took a female P. communis at Llangammarch 
Wells on July 22nd, and a female of the scarce Panorpa cognata 
at the same place on August 23rd. 
Kingston-on-Thames: May, 1914. 
THE ENTOMOLOGY OF HELIANTHUS. 
By T. D. A. CockERELL. 
Tue relations between insects and plants are of interest not 
only to the economic entomologist or the collector desiring to 
know where he can find rare species, but also to the general 
student of evolution, who sees in them an endless series illus- 
trating various kinds and degrees of adaptation. In modern 
times, when so many plants are being purposely or accidentally 
