298 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 
stood out, the wing-cases being clear. There was then a pause 
of ten or fifteen minutes; after which the movements re- 
commenced, the pupa perhaps pausing after a few minutes for 
another five or ten minutes’ rest. In the course of these move- 
ments a slight crack presently appeared down the centre of the 
thorax. After a brief pause the crack widened slightly, and a 
similar very slight crack became visible transversely behind the 
collar, through which cracks the lighter colour of the imago was 
seen. ‘This was followed by an opening down the front of the 
wing-cases behind the antenne, the openings previously occurr- 
ing, widening at the same time. The head was next pushed 
forward carrying the face, masked with the portion of the pupa- 
case lying over it, and the antenne were partly withdrawn. 
The palpi followed, then the fore legs were extracted and the 
antenne completely withdrawn. The face-mask then fell off, 
larger portions of the wings appeared, and the hinder legs were 
withdrawn, the abdomen still remaining in the pupa. ‘The later 
movements followed one another very quickly ; and on a sudden 
the imago ran out (that is the only term that describes it) and 
away from the pupa and settled on the side of the seed-head. 
All the opening movements were accompanied by a slight rotary 
motion, and some contraction and expansion of the rings of 
the abdomen, the final extrication being helped by pressure of 
the legs. The expansion of the wings was rapid, taking in some 
instances no more than from fifteen to twenty minutes. In all 
the cases observed the wings had been raised over the back and 
dropped to the sides fully expanded in from three-quarters of 
an hour to an hour and a half from the first appearance of the 
pupa at the opening of the seed-head. 
Knight’s Vicarage, Leicester. 
NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 
ACRONYCTA STRIGOSA IN WIcKEN Frn.— The notes by Dr. 
Chapman and Mr. Robinson in recent numbers of ‘ The Entomologist ’ 
concerning A. sirigosa are interesting. Like Mr. Robinson, I never 
heard of sérigosa being taken actually 7 the Fen, although I have 
been told that it used to be taken not far off, together with atriplicis 
and ocularts. I have beaten the larve once from hawthorn along a 
certain dyke which terminates at a small village not far from 
Wicken, and the late Rev. Bailey used to beat it from hawthorn 
the Soham side of Wicken village. In the old ‘ dyke” locality 
a number of the hawthorns are very old, and most of them have 
decaying stumps attached, where, no doubt, strigosa would find 
suitable material in which to pupate; but does—or perhaps one 
should now say did—the larva of strigosa invariably enter rotten 
wood to pupate? I had several larvae of Jochera alni this year, and 
{ was always under the impression that they failed to pupate if they 
