220 THE MOTHS OF THE BRITISH ISLES. 



bordered on each side with yellow, and broken up by the 

 yellow ring divisions ; head, with a black spot on each side. 

 It feeds, in July and August, on alder. 



The moth is out in June and early July, and will be found in 

 almost every locality in England where the alder flourishes, 

 most plentifully, perhaps, on the eastern and western sides. 

 It has been recorded from North and South Wales, but it 

 does not seem to have been noted from Ireland or Scotland. 



The range abroad extends to Amurland and Japan. 



Small White Wave {Asthcna candidata). 



The delicately lined white moth shown on Plate 91, Figs. 5 5 

 and 6 9 , is chiefly a woodland species. It is generally common 

 in the south of England, occurs more or less frequently 

 throughout the northern half, and is widely distributed in 

 Wales. In Scotland, it is said to be locally common in 

 Clydesdale, and to be found in Arran and in Perthshire. It 

 is plentiful at Dromoland, co. Clare, Ireland, not uncommon 

 in parts of Galway, and once recorded from Wicklow. 



The caterpillar is found, in July and August, on birch, hazel, 

 and wild rose. In general colour it is green, inclining to bluish 

 at each end, and tinged with yellowish along the ridge on the 

 sides ; the back is marked with crimson. (Plate 90, Fig. 2, after 

 Hofmann.) 



The moth is out in May and June, and sometimes July, and 

 individuals of a second generation occasionally appear in 

 August or September. 



Small Yellow Wave {Ast/tena luteata). 



This pretty little species (Plate 91, Figs. 2 and 4) has the 

 pale yellowish wings marked with ochreous brown lines, which 

 vary in thickness, and a dash of the same colour on the fore 



