75 
accessory in the posterior triangle is inability to raise the shoulder 
owing to paralysis of the upper fibres of the trapezius. 
In our dissection of the camel our observations confirm those 
recorded in the excellent description of the anatomy of this animal 
given by LESBRE (5). The “mastoid’’ attachment of the sterno-cepha- 
licus is rather to the paroccipital than to the paramastoid process, 
although the majority of its fibres are inserted into the styloid. The 
main differences in this muscle from its condition in the cervidae and 
the gazelle were the fusion of its two parts till high up in the neck 
(see Fig. 1) and its freedom from a muscular connection with the 
rectus capitis anticus major. 
We found that both sterno-cephalicus and brachio-cephalicus 
were supplied entirely by the cervical nerves. Neither muscle re- 
ceived any supply from the spinal accessory. 
Another point of difference from the cervidae consisted in the 
fact that the supply to the sterno-cephalicus was derived: from the 
3rd cervical nerve and not from the 2nd nerve as in the former group 
of mammals. | 
Absence of the spinal accessory was found in two specimens of 
bactrian camel dissected by LESBRE (5), who also notes its absence in 
the llama (6). In his dissections of the giraffe, ELLIOT SMITH noticed 
the absence of the spinal accessory supply to the brachio- and sterno- 
cephalic muscles (7). Absence of the spinal accessory supply to the 
neck muscles would seem to be normal in the camels, the llamas and 
the giraffes. LESBRE makes the suggestion that possibly the length 
of neck may affect in some way the disposition of the nerves, so that 
the supply reaches the sterno- and brachio-cephalic muscles directly 
through the cervical nerves, instead of passing along a spinal root of 
the accessory nerve into the cranial cavity and out again into the 
neck through the jugular foramen. This is a special instance of the 
saving of nerve-tissue and is discussed elsewhere (9). 
We therefore made a dissection in the camel of the vagus and spinal 
accessory nerves from their origins to the root of the neck, to discover 
what part of the latter nerve is present. Fig. II illustrates in dia- 
srammatic manner the condition found. The vagus has a normal 
origin from the lateral aspect of the medulla on which the olive and 
pyramid were almost indistinguishable. The nerve arises immediately 
posterior to the origin of the glossopharyngeal. Separated from the 
origin of the vagus by a small but distinct interval were a number of 
