THE BUTTERFLIES OF SIAM. 119 



oi H. h. harrisi, E. in. mulciher and E. midanus chloe, were seen in 

 January 1914 on a hill-siile about five kilometres from the village of 

 Pak Jong on the Dong Rek ratige. Not only were the butterflies 

 massed on the trunks of the trees, but they were on almost every 

 branch and twig. They hung in long rows from the lower bushes, 

 and even the lowest undergrowth swarmed with them. On some 

 trjees they seemed to form part of the foliage ; on others, they look- 

 ed more like clusters of berries. From time to time they rose in 

 clouds from a tree or bush, only to settle down again almost imme- 

 diately. Males preponderated. Numerous pairs were in copula. In- 

 dividuals on the bushes could be taken quite easily with the fingers, in 

 fact, the native bark-collector who conducted me to the hill embarassed 

 nie somewhat by bringing me living specimens in handfuls. The 

 forest for some kilometres on either side of the hill was very dense, 

 but the hill itself was fairly open, having evidently been partially 

 cleared at some former period. The man said that the butterflies 

 had been there for some days, but he could not remember having seen 

 similar swarms in former years. I visited the hill-side on almost the 

 same date in the following year, but not a single Eupteid was to be 

 seen there. It is interesting to note that Ribbe who met with swarms 

 o{ E.nechos under very similar conditions on the small Solomon Island, 

 Munia, learned from the natives that su«h swarms occurred there 

 periodically, about every ten years. 



88. EuPLOEA GODARTi Luc. (=siamen$is Fldk.) 

 Another very common Euplojid which is even more widely 

 distributed than E. m. modesta. It is particularly plentiful in Bangkok 

 gardens in the dry months from January onwards. Individuals with 

 no violaceous-white patch at the apex of the forewing are known as 

 layardi Druce. (=suhdita Moore). According to my observations, 

 this form is not very common in Si:im. Bingham treated cjodarti and 

 laijanli as separate species ; Fruhstorfer unites them. Tonldnensis 

 SwiNH. is the name given to an aberration corresponding to laijardi, 

 from examples taken by Frushtorfer in Siam, in which even tlie white 

 costal and subapical spots of the furewing are wanting. 



Moore's types of suhdita and the types of siamensis and layardi 

 all came from "Lower " Siam. As Fruhstorfer remarks, it is to be re- 



VOI,. II, DEC. 1910. 



