36 The Journal of Heredity 
TasLe I.—Leading Royal Autocrats of Europe 
War years Total Years of reign 
Austria: 
DP Geer xara tl taaieets tar a iiss) 02. 20 eae eteyeets 17.0 26 1493-1519 
12 Charles V... 0.0 2 1519-1521 
22 Maria Theresa 16.0 40 1740-1780 
Francis Joseph 8.5 68 1848-1916 
41.5 136 
Denmark: 
Chnstan ie. oe. : 6.0 10 1513-1523 
Christian IV.... 22.0 52 1596-1648 
28.0 62 
England: 
Henry I... 25.0 35 1100-1135 
Henry II. 6.5 35 1154-1189 
Richard I. 7.0 10 1189-1199 
25 Edward I. 16.5 35 1272-1307 
Edward ITT. 33.0 47 1330-1377 
EleniyiViec eran cite ac 6.0 9 1413-1422 
Henry VII. Sn5 24 1485-1509 
16 Henry VIIL.. 12.0 38 1509-1547 
23 Elizabeth .. 39.0 45 1558-1603 
150.5 278 
France: 
Mots Wiles : j 20.0 29 1108-1137 
14 Philip Augustus... 25.0 43 1180-1223 
TS IOUIS MeNeaer. c= a 1S 34 1236-1270 
@harles’ Viaeies se 12.0 16 1364-1380 
ff MbryehS PMI Soe a : 6.0 22 1461-1483 
Anne, Regent .... ; 1.0 8 1483-1491 
Catherine de Medici. 4.0 11 1560-1571 
[eeHenny IV <= 25 say. 10 0 22 1588-1610 
9 Louis XIV... . 34.0 54 1661-1715 
1 Napoleon 10.0 10 1804-1814 
Napoleon III..... at : 8) 18 1852-1870 
145.0 267 
Holland: 
27 Walliam the Silent.......... 9.0 9 1575-1584 
IMManimiGenewpe i lseotie apaye aveb = 25.0 41 1584-1625 
Frederick Henry 22.0 22 1625-1647 
Walliams yee ae ee kek 10) 3 1647-1650 
Walliann) eae i ico 30 1672-1702 
74.5 105 
Poland:! 
Casimir IV... Dora's) 45 1447-1492 
Sigismund jes -o)- Ret 8 20.5 42 1506-1548 
Stephen Bathory... : S55 11 1575-1586 
[folakey AN eae ok ; ; 14.0 22 1674-1696 
61.5 120 
Prussia: 
20 The Great Elector...... ' Spence 10.5 48 1640-1688 
Frederick William I....... ae 5.0 Ail 1713-1740 
2 Frederick the Great... .. prot, eee 11.0 46 1740-1786 
LOMWalltan Ul stcie2e hase nebo sae: 4.0 30 1888-1918 
30.5 151 
1 Poland was not included in the Influence of Monarchs, nor was the history of any European country later than 
the Napoleonic period. Data from recent history have therefore been added. 
