90 The Journal 
sections of our country today; in a gen- 
eral way statistics show the larger fam- 
ilies to be associated with the smaller in- 
come groups and vice versa. 
It is shown by the 1918 report of the 
Federal Children’s Bureau that the 
death rate of infants under one year is 
very closely correlated with the earnings 
of the father. Where the father re- 
ceives less than $550 yearly, one baby 
in six does not reach its first birthday, 
while only one in sixteen dies before 
reaching one year where the father 
earns as much as $1,250. The economic 
status of the family has a very impor- 
tant bearing upon the number of chil- 
dren surviving in any one group. 
The average amount that the family 
“budget” is increased by the advent and 
support of each additional child in the 
income groups between $800 and $2,000 
has been determined by the valuable 
research of Wm. F. Ogburn of the Bu- 
reau of Labor Statistics. The equations 
which he has formulated should prove 
very helpful in determining the average 
expenditure for different commodities 
for families of varying sizes within the 
stipulated incomes. (See Note B.) Fur- 
ther research may be required to deter- 
mine similar averages for the higher 
income groups. 
It seems reasonable to suppose that 
the expenses after the lying-in period 
for the first child, would not quite re- 
turn to the amount expended to support 
the parents alone; and so, with the sec- 
ond, third and subsequent children, the 
total amount spent should be greater 
than when the family was one less in 
number, if the established standard of 
living is to be maintained. 
The dues to form the protective fund 
would have a certain definite relation 
to the economic status of the family ; the 
income group receiving from ,$500 to 
$1,000 yearly would have a low annual 
fee to pay; the next group receiving 
from $1,000 to $1,500 would contribute 
a slightly larger amount and so on. Or 
groups may be formed by bodies of 
people with like interests, such as teach- 
ers, college professors, various clubs and 
societies organized for other purposes, 
of Heredity 
as well as young professional and busi- 
ness men who might adapt this plan to 
meet their needs and thus enable them 
to enjoy a protected parenthood among 
their most worthy members. 
It would be possible to develop the 
plan on broader, more comprehensive 
‘lines, if eligibility for membership could 
be in several classes—associate, active, 
and supporting. 
Associate members would pay an _ 
annual fee of $2 and would receive bull- 
etins and other printed matter that was 
issued. 
Active members would pay an annual 
fee proportionate to income, and would 
be the only class of members to partici- 
pate in the benefit. 
Conceivably, many who are econom- 
ically independent and deeply interested 
in the advancement of the race, might 
become supporting members contribut- 
ing $1,000 or more. These could be 
known as “Founders ;” contributors of 
$500 could be “Patrons,” and those pay- 
ing $100 “Benefactors,” etc. 
If the income from the above sources 
permitted, a Foundation for the Pro- 
motion of Rational Parenthood could 
be developed with departments for Re- 
search, Education of Public Opinion, 
and a magazine devoted to such sub- 
jects as Eugenics, Child Welfare, Pub- 
lic Health, Sex Education, Voluntary 
arenthood etc., all tending directly or 
indirectly to advance the cause of race 
betterment. 
What more fitting memorial to Roose- 
velt could be erected as a tribute to his 
ideals, than an institution of this sort? 
In order to safeguard earners against 
the disquietude caused by a rise in the 
cost of living, such as that through 
which we have just been passing, it is 
advisable to adopt measures, by means 
of which adjustment of wages to the 
cost of living is more or less automatic. 
(See Note C.) 
WAR’S DRAIN ON WORTILY STOCKS 
’ 
The recent war, with the inevitable 
loss of many choice strains of young 
manhood, has shown the necessity of 
constructive effort to increase the fertil- 
