Averages for Two Generations of Grades and Their Scrub Ancestors 
TABLE VII: 
McCandlish: Environment and Breeding 213 
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this method as will be shown later. 
This method can not be used for the 
purposes of comparing breeds as all 
bulls were not given equal opportuni- 
ties to demonstrate their abilities as 
sires of producers. 
FIRST GENERATION GRADES 
All the first generation of grades 
sired by a purebred Holstein bull 
showed an increase over their dams in 
milk and butterfat production. The 
increase varied from 38% in fat and 
79% in milk to 68% in fat and 121% 
in milk while on the average it was an 
increase of 89% in milk and 58% in fat. 
In the case of the first generation 
of Guernsey grades an even wider 
variation was noticed. It varied from 
a decrease of 31% in milk and 23% in 
fat, due to the use of a poor bull, to an 
increase of 107% in milk and 112% in 
fat yield. The Guernsey first grade 
group contained animals that showed 
the greatest increase and also the 
greatest decrease in fat production 
from their dams. The average in- 
crease-in yield was 17% in milk and 
27% in butterfat. 
The first grade Jerseys showed varia- 
tions in production as compared with 
their dams that varied from a decrease 
of 19% in milk and 3% in fat to an 
eaeeae > of 85% in milk and 96% in 
butterfat. The averse increase in 
their case was 22% in milk and 34% in 
fat production. 
All of the first generation grades 
when taken as a group showed an 
increase of 39% in milk and 37% in 
fat production as compared with their 
dams. 
SECOND GENERATION GRADES 
The grades of the second generation 
ranked high in production, producing 
on the average 375.81 Ibs. of fat per 
year as compared with a production of 
261.93 Ibs. by their first grade dams 
and 182.40 lbs. by their scrub grand- 
dams. In every case the production 
of the second generation grades was at 
least 50% greater than that of their 
scrub grand-dams. 
The average increase in production 
for the second generation Holstein 
