362 
his first small investment in furs, under- 
took the hazardous foot and canoe 
journeys which gave him that knowl- 
edge of strategic positions for forts and 
trading posts which made possible the 
development of his colossal trading 
interests. At every step of the way 
he showed ‘‘a persevering industry, a 
rigid economy and strict integrity. To 
these were added an inspiring spirit 
that always looked upward; a genius 
bold, fertile and expansive; a sagacity, 
quick to grasp and convert every cir- 
cumstance to its advantage and a singu- 
lar and unwavering confidence of signal 
success.” Like energy, optimism and 
practical sense are said to have dis- 
The Journal of Heredity 
tinguished his mother, and she endowed 
similarly two other sons who signally 
prospered. John Jacob was the first 
of a line of which William:B., his son, 
William and John Jacob 3rd, grand- 
sons, and John Jacob 4th and William 
Waldorf are the most noted. 
THE LEAD OF GREAT PERSONALITIES 
The study then of these family 
histories brings into relief lines noted 
for ability in art, business, mechanical 
construction and scientific investiga- 
tion, with the frequent occurrence of 
members who have achieved renown in 
the various lines. These leaders pos- 
GENETIC CLASSIFICATION OF AMERICAN STRAINS 
I. Superlative worth. 
f il 
Jurisprudence—eg: Kent, Story, Marshall 
2. Statecraft—eg: Adams, Lowell, Livingston 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
Aristogenic, 8. 
Through segregation in su- 9 
perior stocks, producing 10 
trait-complexes of high ex- 11 
cellence. x 1 
{ 
Eugenic, 
Through segregation, con- 
tributing to classes of supe-_ 
rior as well as those of infe- 
rior worth. ; 
. Metaphysics—eg: Edwards, Woolsey 
. Education—eg: Mann, Dwight, Edwards 
. Social Reform—eg: Beecher, Abbott 
. Religion—eg: Ballou, Channing 
. Military Leadership—eg: Washington, Lee 
Oratory—eg: Choate, Webster 
. Literary Expression—eg: Prescott, Irving 
. Histrionic Art—eg: Booth, Sothern 
. Poetry—eg: Bryant, Longfellow 
Graphic Arts—eg: Abbey, Inman 
13. Music—eg: Hutchinson, Buck 
14. Natural Science—eg: Agassiz, Baird 
15. Mathematical Sciences—eg: Newcomb, Pickering 
16. Invention—eg: Morse, Bell 
17. Politics—eg: Hamilton, Randolph 
18. Pioneer Life—eg: Boone, Sinclair 
19. Engineering—eg: Pomeroy, Herreshoff 
20. Exploration—eg: Peary, Greeley 
21. Finance—eg: Astor, Girard, Morgan 
II. Superior worth. 
Special skill, intelligence, enterprise, etc. 
Names occurring in ‘‘Who’s Who in America.” 
{ III. Mediate social worth. 
Showing a great range of aptitudes and abilities in moder- 
ate degree. 
The so-called middle class, making up the run of 
mechanics, small farmers and trades-people, clerks, 
operators, general laborers, etc. 
- IV. Low social worth. 
Marked psychical or temperamental defects. 
1. Feeble-minded 
2. Pauperous 
Cacogenic, ‘ 3. Neuropathic The ‘‘Jukes,”’ ‘‘Kallikaks,’’ 
Through segregation, pro- 4. Criminalistic “Tshmaelites.”’ 
ducing recessive trait-com- 5. Insane 
plexes. 6. Sex Perverts 
7. Crippled 
8 
. Psychopathic 
This classification is intended to be mainly suggestive. 
The classes are not sharply delimited 
from one another, and the examples given for superlative worth are not necessarily of uniform 
value. 
They are such as would occur to the reader and serve to illustrate how certain lines of a 
given family name may come to bear a more or less distinctive character, depending primarily on 
- es and secondarily o environal influence k I - 
fortunate trait-complex nd ndarily on the environal influence known under the term ‘‘so: 
cial heritage.” 
