THE AMERICAN MUSEUM JOURNAL 



the other female (lateral gynandromorphism) . This phase of 

 the phenomenon is illustrated in the accompanying figure. An- 

 other group of cases comprises anomalies with the anterior por- 

 tion of the body of a different sex from the posterior portion 

 (frontal or "tandem" gynandromorphism). Still other cases 

 have the dorsal side of one, the ventral 



ofanothersex Q (transversal gynan- 



dromorphs) . T h e /^ \ / division between the 



sexual regions is | /I I seldom maintained 



throughout the Ij f^^ P whole body. Often 



the sexual charac- \L#*''^^''*^'i '^ "/ M ters are irregularly 



arranged 



ism). 



arities are traceable 



the development of 



the exact nature of 



has not been ascer- 



be understood until 



g y n a n d r o m o r p h - 

 All these peculi- 

 to disturbances in 

 the egg or larva, but 

 these disturbances 

 tained, nor will thev 



A QYNANDROMORPHOUS ANT 

 ( Epipheidole inquilina Wheeler) 



The left half of the specimen is {•(; ^g pOSSlblC tO prO- 

 moslly male, and the right half is . 



duce such mixed mostly female. The figure is greatly animals experiment- 

 ally. They may re- '"'''^''^- suit from the fusion 

 of two eggs originally of different sexes, to form a single animal ; 

 or they may arise from a single Q'g'g in which the fertilization has 

 taken an abnormal course; or again they may perhaps be pro- 

 duced by nutritional disturbances in different parts of the young 

 larva or pupa. 



Many gynandromorphs, l)ut not all, are also hermaphroditic; 

 that is, they have both male and female reproductive organs 

 corresponding with the parts of the body contributed by the two 

 sexes. In cases, however, where the whole abdomen is of one 

 sex, the animal is properly a male or female, thougli its head may 



i6 



