INSECT-GALLS OF THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK CITY 



82. Spiny Witch Hazel Gall (Hormaphis spinosus Shiner). — A deformation of 

 the fruit bud, covered with a number of rather long spines, with a funnel-Uke 

 exit at the base. Green in summer; brown in winter. On witch hazel {Ham- 

 mnelis virginiana). Common. 



83. Cock's Comb Elm Gall (Colopha ulmicola Fitch). — Forms a cock's 

 comb, blubber-like growth on the upper side of the leaf of the elm {Ulmus ameri- 

 cana). June. Common. 



84. Sumac Tomato Gall {Pemphigus rhois Fitch). — Smooth, rounded. 



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