98 Journal of Entomology and Zoology 
4. Apices of front wings truncate; black band across middle cell 
of front wings continuous (Fig. 8) -....- Vanessa carye (Hubn.) 
Apices of front wings rounded; black band across middle cell 
of front wings broken (Fig. 10).......... Vanessa cardui (Linn.) 
Tue Rep ADMIRAL. 
Vanessa atlanta (Linneus) 
Papilio atlanta Linneus, Syst. Nat., Ed. 10, p. 478, 1758. 
Pyrameis atlanta Hubner, Verz. Eur. Schmett, 2, 1816. 
(Fic. 1) 
This is a widely distributed species, ranging throughout North 
America, Europe, Northern Africa and Northern Asia, but is not 
as abundant in California as VY. carye (Hiibn.) and V. cardui 
(Linn.). It occurs, however, in sufficient numbers to be taken gen- 
erally throughout the state. 
The young caterpillars vary from pale-yellow to brown, and 
when full grown may become darker, with often a purplish hue. In 
the mature forms the bodies are more or less covered with minute 
whitish specks and on each side there is a row of yellow spots which 
appear as a continuous yellow line. The branching spines are black 
or whitish and the head jet-black, covered with white tubercles. The 
length averages 1% inches. The caterpillars are more or less gre- 
garious in habit and construct nests by drawing together the oppo- 
site sides of the leaves, parts or nearly all of which may be 
eventually devoured. 
The chrysalids are light- or dark-brown and are often covered 
with a grayish bloom. The tubercles on the back are golden. 
The butterflies (Fig. 1) have a wing expanse of from 2 to 24 
inches and the bodies vary from % to 1 inch in length. The entire 
upper surface of the wings and body is velvety dark-brown or black. 
There is a conspicuous red or orange-colored oblique stripe across 
the middle of each front wing and a wide border of the same color 
along the outer margin of each hind wing. Along the entire 
margin of the wings is a row of narrow white spots. There is also 
a row of five white spots, three small and two much larger, near 
the apex of each front wing, and a larger rectangular white spot 
