158 



Cincinnati Society of Natural History 



nati. I have also seen a captured specimen from Oak Station, 

 Pa., collected by Mr. Fred Marloff, June 30, 1907. 



The cases and larvae were first noticed on October 2d, when the 

 larvae were fairly numerous. At this time a few were still inhabit- 

 ing the first case, made soon after hatching in the summer. This 

 first case appears to be cut from the interior of the leaf, as I 

 noticed many wedge-shaped holes with the angles well rounded 

 oflf. The case itself is rather regular in outline, somewhat flat- 

 tened and tapering toward the apex ; its length varies from 2 to 

 3 mm. The larvae during this period mine into the leaf from the 

 lower side, forming numerous irregular blotches, often confluent 

 with one another. 



xA.t this date (October 2d), however, the majority of the larvae 

 were constructing their second cases, in which they pass the winter 

 and finally pupate. When ready to make the second case, the 

 first case is attached at the margin of the leaf, on the under side, 

 between two serrations, and the larva mines into the leaf toward 

 the midrib, deserting the case. The entire mine is not used in 

 cutting out the case, as the larva usually mines too far toward 

 the midrib. From a point on the margin just below the serration 

 adjacent to the point of attachment of the first case, the larva makes 



a short oblique cut Jnto 

 the leaf, about parallel 

 to a lateral vein. Then, 

 turning at an acute angle 

 to the first cut, a second 

 much more oblique and 

 longer cut is made, lead- 

 ing upward almost paral- 

 lel to the margin, which it 

 reaches just above the 

 upper serration next to 

 the attached small case. 

 The mouth of the case 

 is at the point of meeting 

 of the two cut edges. 



Case of C. pi uuiflla, X 



54 



Its Upper edge is formed 

 of the shorter oblique 



