12 



The Journal of Heredity 



THE RIGHT EAR OF A DAUGHTER OF 

 GAMBOGES RALEIGH 



This characteristic appears both in male and 

 in female descendants, so that it is not sex- 

 linked, for if it were it would either not appear 

 in the progeny at all, or appear only in the 

 daughters. (Fig. 8.) 



LEFT EAR OF THE HEIFER WHOSE 

 RIGHT EAR IS SHOWN ABOVE 



There is no intrinsic value in these notched 

 ears, but it is possible that such factors may 

 be linked with those of economic value, so 

 that their study is important in the breeding of 

 improved strains of livestock. (Fig. 9.) 



Raleigh are so grouped as to be un- 

 usually favorable to the expression of 

 the notch factor. Most of his calves 

 are either purebred Jerseys or out of 

 grade Jersey dams, but one of those 

 mentioned by Mr. Houchins was out of 

 a cow that had no Jersey blood, and 

 yet the calf showed the notch, indica- 



A CALF WITH SLIGHTLY 

 NOTCHED EARS (Fig. 10.) 



A CALF WITH DEEPLY NOTCHED 

 EARS 



There is considerable variation in the size 

 of the notches, but the division between 

 notched ears and normal ones is quite dis- 

 tinct. Very few of his descendants have ears 

 as deeply notched as Gamboge's Raleigh. 

 (Fig. 11.) 



tion that the character is not depend- 

 ent upon a purely Jersey complex of 

 factors. 



Two pairs of twins are included in 

 the list of offspring personally exam- 

 ined. The younger pair (shown in the 

 pictures) gives every indication of 

 being identical twins. Not only are 

 they both heifers and both possessed of 

 moderate notches in their ears, but 

 their noses, tongues, switches, and 

 shade of general body color, are the 

 same and they have each a single white 

 spot on the right hind foot. This, 

 although but a single case, is worthy of 

 mention in view of Gowen's conclusion 



