LEGUMINIFERA. 49 
SPECIES XI—TRIFOLIUM SCABRUM. Linn. 
Prats CCCLVII. 
Rootstock none. Stems numerous, flexuous, prostrate or 
ascending, simple or slightly branched. Leaflets obovate or 
oblanceolate, finely-denticulate ; the veins very prominent, the 
lateral ones hooked downwards. Stipules adnate for rather less 
than half the length, with the free portion lanceolate-triangular, 
contracted into a short point; the upper ones, which embrace the 
flower-heads, only slightly dilated. Heads of flowers terminal and 
axillary, sessile, solitary, ovoid, widest near the middle. Calyx- 
tube oblong, scarcely swollen in fruit, 10-ribbed, with a conspicuous 
callous ring in the throat; teeth triangular, spinescent, with a very 
thick nerve; the two upper ones rather shorter than the tube, 
the lateral ones equalling it, the lower one exceeding it ; all erect 
in flower, curved outwards and lengthening until they all exceed 
the tube in fruit. Plant more or less pubescent. 
In dry gravelly and stony pastures and waste places. Not 
uncommon in England. In Scotland confined to the East side, 
reaching as far North as Kincardineshire. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Annual. Summer. 
Stems rather wiry, 3 to 9 inches long. Leaflets + to } inch 
long, very rigid from the thick veins which are curiously bent back 
close to the margin of the leaf. Stipules often tinged with purple. 
Heads rather few-flowered, 1 to 2 inch long, narrowed towards the 
base. Calyx with the tube purplish and the teeth green, the latter 
enlarging after flowering, spreading in fruit, and assuming the form 
of a bow with the convexity inwards; the tube swelling very slightly 
but becoming strongly ribbed in fruit. Flowers about as long as 
the calyx-teeth, whitish. Pod very minute, enclosed in the leathery 
calyx-tube. Seed ovoid, yellowish-brown. Plant more or less thickly 
clothed with adpressed rather stiff hairs. : 
A smaller and more wiry-stemmed plant than the preceding 
species, from which it may always be distinguished by the strong 
curved lateral veins of the leaflets. In fruit the two are very dis- 
similar, the calyx of the T. scabrum is much less swollen than that 
of T. striatum, with fewer and stiffer hairs and with much larger 
faleate green teeth, which have a very thick central nerve. 
Rough Rigid Trefoil. 
French, Zvréfle Scabre. 
VOL. III. H 
