158 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
with 5 or 3 leaflets, or simple and more or less deeply palmately 
lobed. Flowers white, pink, red, or purple, in corymbose cymes, 
which are often combined so as to form a panicle. Fruit pulpy, 
edible. 
The name of this genus speaks for itself even to English ears : ruber, red, indicating 
the colour of the fruit. 
SPECIES I—RUBUS CHAMAMORUS. Lina. 
PuateE CCCCXL. 
Rootstock extensively creeping. Stems herbaceous, simple, 
leafless at the base, the upper part with 1 to 4 leaves. Leaves 
simple, roundish, 5- to 7-lobed, deeply cordate at the base, with 
the basal lobes contiguous. Flowers solitary, terminal, dicecious. 
Petals oblong-oval, spreading. Fruit not separating from the recep- 
tacle, consisting of rather few large very juicy drupes with a very 
tender skin, pale orange when ripe. 
On peaty moors in mountainous districts. In North Wales, 
Derbyshire, Teesdale, the Lake district, and all the mountainous 
tracts in Scotland. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Summer. 
Rootstock somewhat woody, creeping at some depth below the 
surface, much branched. Stems 3 to 8 inches high, erect. Stipules 
‘oval, those of the lowest nodes without leaves. Leaves stalked, 14 
to 3 inches across, plicate, rugose, lobed from a quarter to half-way 
down, the lobes themselves again very slightly lobed, and serrate 
or crenate-serrate. Sepals oval, acuminated, unequal in breadth, 
generally tinged with red. Flowers ? to 1} inch across, pure white. 
Fruit $to 1 inch long, with the fruiting-calyx adpressed to its base ; 
drupes rather numerous, containing faintly reticulated stones. Plant 
dull-green, with the leaves paler below. Stems generally tinged with 
red, and, as well as the petioles, peduncles, and calyces, thickly 
clothed with small curled hairs ; leaves sub-glabrous above, sparingly 
hairy beneath. 
Cloudberry, Roebuck-berry. 
French, Ronce. German, Zwergmaulbeer, Brombeere. 
Knowtberry of the Scotch ; Knot or Knotberry, old English. 
The fruit of this plant is sometimes called the Mountain Raspberry. It grows on 
alpine turfy bogs in elevated situations: hence its common name Cloudberry. The 
plant flowers in June, soon after the snow has melted, and the pleasant-looking fruit 
scarcely ripens in August before it is again overwhelmed with its winter covering. Its 
very hardihood makes it extremely difficult to cultivate, and its wild mountainous 
habits are as difficult to reconcile to civilization as those of the animal creation by 
which it is surrounded in its native districts. The snow preserves the fruit, and is 
i a 
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