ROSACEA. 161 
juicy drupes with a very tender skin, dim-red or ochreous when 
ripe. 
In woods, thickets, and on heaths. Common, and pretty gene- 
rally distributed. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Early Summer. 
Stem 2 to 3 feet high, the first year producing nothing but 
leaves, the second flowering-shoots, after which it decays. Leaflets 
* variable in size, shape, and degree of dentition, the terminal one 
the largest, ? to 4 inches long. Stipules adnate for more than half 
their length, the free portion strapshaped-subulate. Flowers droop- 
ing, white, $ inch across. Sepals deltoid-ovate, cuspidate. Fruit 
in the wild plant } to $ inch long; stones pitted, denticulated ; 
fruiting-calyx reflexed. 
Raspberry. 
French, Ronce Framboisier. German, /Timbeere. 
The general appearance and taste of the fruit of this plant, which is in all respects 
a bramble, are too well known to need description, though it may not be known that 
cultivation does not appear to have improved its flavour, though greatly increasing its 
size. We read in old writers that this shrub grew on Mount Ida, of classical celebrity : 
hence its specific name. The pleasant taste of the fruit is well known, and as a preserve, 
boiled with sugar, it is especially delicious. Other preparations of the fruit, such as 
syrup and raspberry vinegar, are well known to housewives. There are two great 
varieties of Raspberries in cultivation,—the red and the white or yellow kinds. Of the 
red Raspberries there are some twenty sub-varieties, and of the pale-coloured sorts 
some three or four, Raspberry-bushes prosper most and bear the finest fruit ina 
light rich loamy soil. They are in their prime about the third or fourth year, and if well 
managed, continue in perfection five or six years; after which they are apt to decline 
in growth, and the fruit to become small. The fruit of the different varieties comes in 
from the end of June or July till October or later. As it ripens, it should be quickly 
gathered for immediate use, because when fully ripe it will not keep above two or three 
days before it moulds or becomes maggoty, and unfit to be used, 
The Raspberry and the Strawberry form each interesting examples of the nature 
of fruits botanically considered ;—the Strawberry which we eat being the fleshy recep- 
tacle on which are placed the little yellow fruits, and the Raspberry consisting of such 
fruits, soft and juicy, surrounding the hard woody receptacle, which is thrown aside, 
These examples can be understood and appreciated by the youngest observer. 
SPECIES ()IV—RUBUS LEESII. Bab. 
Prate CCCCXLITI. 
Bab. Man. Brit. Bot. ed. v. p. 97. Lees, in Phyt. Ser. I. Vol. IV. p. 930. 
Rootstock stoloniferous. Stem biennial, sub-erect or arching, - 
round, minutely tomentose, prickly ; prickles numerous, slender, 
straight, from a compressed bulbous base. Leaves ternate ; 
Wiis, AEA Y 
