232 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
Leaves shining-green above. Pedicels spreading-erect. Sepals 
longer and more pinnate than in R. repens. 
Rare. About Henfield and other places in Sussex. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Shrub. Summer. 
R. arvensis cannot be confounded with any of the other British 
species; the trailing shoots, the leaves with shallow broad-based 
teeth, glaucous but not pubescent beneath, and the pure white 
flowers, distinguish it at a glance from all the other Roses. 
No. 2 I have not seen, but Mr. Borrer in this country and 
M. Déséglise in France agree in remarking that it resembles the 
South European species R. sempervirens. Mr. Baker says that the 
stems are stronger than in the common form of R. arvensis. 
White-flowered trailing Rose. 
French, Rosier des Champs. German, Feld Rose. 
This pretty Rose is found in open situations, and is a trailing plant, sometimes root- 
ing at the joints ; but in hedges and among bushes it is a climber by elongation, reaching 
to their tops and covering them with tufts of foliage and flowers ; the leaves remaining 
on late in the season, and the fruit continuing often to the winter. Several varieties 
of this climbing Rose are cultivated by nurserymen, who call them Double-hip Roses, 
and use them to cover naked walls or unsightly buildings. The growth and cultivation 
of Roses is a subject of special interest to the gardener, and every year we find, from 
the different floral exhibitions, that great improvements are being made in the art of 
growing perfect Roses. They will by no means grow everywhere, and as a rule require 
a clear atmosphere and a light soil. Masses of Roses planted together, in beds 
edged with wire so as to imitate a basket, have a very pretty effect, and the delicious 
scent they emit is very grateful. Standard Roses are best on lawns or flower-beds 
placed singly. The Monthly Rose being protected by glass in autumn, or aided by 
artificial heat, may be continued in bloom till Christmas. A very common mode of 
obtaining late Roses, and one of the greatest antiquity, is by cutting all the flower-shoots 
off when the buds begin to appear, or by rubbing off all the rudiments of shoots of 
every kind early in the spring. A second crop is in consequence produced, which will 
not be in a state to blossom before the autumn. A great number of insects seem to 
delight in the flowers of Roses, from the earwig to the golden-green Rose-chafer. There 
seems to be no remedy for insects on plants in the open air so simple and effectual as 
gathering them by hand, or removing the leaf or part of the shoot affected by them. 
Under cover, tobacco smoke will often destroy the little aphides or “green-fly,” but is 
perfectly harmless to many other insects. The pretty ladybird is one of the gardener’s 
best friends, as in its larva state it greedily devours the aphides, which may be seen 
(especially in dry seasons) smothering the young shoots and buds of Roses, sucking their 
juices, and so preventing the flowers from attaining their full development : the lace-wing 
fly is another useful auxiliary. The beauty of the Rose is often impaired by the froth of 
Cicada spumaria (cuckoo-spit, as it is commonly called) ; but the singular‘transformations 
of this little insect are an interesting entomological study. The leaf-cutter bee carries 
- sign BE Se 
