42 



Hithe have entirely lost their rivers." The privileges of the 

 Cinque Ports were so advantageous to their inhabitants that it 

 was natural that adjoining places wished to share in them. 

 Hence we find they embraced the following limbs in Kent, viz. : 

 Fordvvich, Deal, Walmer, Ramsgate, Sarre, Folkestone, Faver- 

 sham, Margate, St. John's, Goresend, Birchington, St. Peter's, 

 Kingsdown, Ringwold, Old Romney, Dingemarsh, Ofwardstone, 

 Westheath, and Tenterden. It was ordered that certain ships 

 and men, equipped for war, should be found by each port, the 

 limbs evidently helping their quota either in men or vessels. 



Domesday, doubtless, furnishes us with important in- 

 formation, but its map is without value, and its description of 

 natural features meagre in the extreme. The value of the names 

 of places furnish the most important evidence. With regard to 

 the frequent use of the term Salterns, or Salt Pans, they are 

 generally associated with the hundred not the village, and where 

 situate is not easy to determine. They evidently related to a 

 period when salt-water flowed up to them. If we now refer to 

 the other great Roman port — Portus Lemanis, we find equally 

 striking illustrations. The exact position of this port is still an 

 open question, but we can determine nearly its position from 

 the important Roman road that led to it. This road, known 

 to this day as the Stone Street road, leads from Canterbury 

 to near Hythe. Again, one of the Cinque Ports. The 

 fourth Itinera of Antoninus, from Londinium to the Portus 

 Lemanis reveals the character and importance of this ocean 

 fortress. The historical sources from which we glean the 

 slight notices which enable us to identify the immediate 

 neighbourhood of Studfall Castle as the Portus Lemanis, are 

 Ptolemy, the Geographer ; the Itineraries of Antoninus ; and 

 Richard of Cirencester, the Notitia.* In the former, the port 

 of Lymne is placed 68 miles from London ; in the latter, Lymne 

 is approached from the west by way of Reguum (Chichester) 

 and Anderida (Pevensey). The station next to Pevensey is 

 written "ad Lemanum," at a distance from the haven of Ande- 

 rida 25 miles, and from the haven of Lymne 10 miles. The 

 river Lymne of Richard, of Cirencester, is evidently the river 

 Lymne of the Saxon chronicle described as in East Kent, at the 

 end of the great wood called Andred's wald, and connected 

 with Appledore. A.D. 893, according to the Saxon chronicle, a 

 great army of the Danes came from the district of Boulogne, 

 "and they came with 250 ships into the mouth of the Lymne. "f 

 Some grants of King Egbert and Ethelbert mention localities 

 which can now be identified, which seem to indicate Romney as- 

 Limen mouth. Some tiles have been found at Studfall Castle 

 (Lymne) with inscriptions which Mr. Roach-Smith, the anti- 



* Quoted by C. Roach Smith, " Antiquities of Richborough, Reculver and 



Lymne," p. 235 and p. 17. 

 t See same Chronicle. 



