18 
elongated itself, having a wrinkled or compressed annular form ; 
the body had taken the form as seen in the adult 8. Eichornii. 
The ciliary fringe had entirely disappeared; the creature lay 
perfectly quiescent in a very transparent cell which it had formed 
round itself. 
The cell is formed with a secretive substance thrown off, or 
exuded, by the creature. It came up as far as the posterior portion 
of the body, and I was able to look down it; this was the first 
stage of the cell. It was gradually built up in layers, and this, in 
my opinion, explains the cause of the annules of the cell. 
After about eleven hours from the time of hatching, the upper 
portion of the creature commenced to swell, and small buds began 
to be pushed upwards, much in the same way as the tentacles begin 
to show themselves in the advanced buds of the Hydra; with this 
difference, that with a good half-inch, you can discern the 
rudimentary tentacles, beautifully rolled up within what ultimately 
becomes the buccal cavity. 
These buds were covered with minute cilia, and when they 
had pushed up a short distance, they began to gradually unfold in 
the same manner as one sees the fronds of ferns unfold. They 
remained in this drooping state for two days, but on the third day 
took the beautiful arched form of the adult. 
Ehrenberg was correct when he stated that Stephanoceros 
Eichornii was viviparous, although at the time his ideas were con- 
sidered erroneous. I have very frequently seen them give birth to 
young in this way; and on one occasion, Dr. English, Resident 
Medical Officer, St. Mary’s College, Canterbury, watched an 
individual under the same circumstances. The specimen that 
I watched was, when I found it, thoroughly sunk into the cell. 
The cell had not been retracted with the creature, but was perfectly 
erect. The ‘creature was, as I thought, in a dying state, and 
nothing in the shape of food tempted it to come out of its cell. 
The posterior portion of the body was very much enlarged and 
hung down like a bag. ‘The tentacles seemed with the funnel to 
be thrust into the body of the creature, in fact, at times, it seemed 
huddled ina heap. After a short time it revived a little, and 
seemed inclined to elongate, but quickly retreated again. I had 
been watching my specimen with a one-inch, but changing it for 
half-inch C. eye-piece, I saw the outlines of a young Stephanoceros 
in the pendulous position, and later a slight opening in it through 
which it began to protrude head first. As it gradually came out, 
the posterior portion opened much wider, and the parent seemed to 
strain itself to get rid of its burden. At length it seemed about 
to do so, but the young one drew back as if fearful to trust itself 
from its mother, but was soon expelled by a violent effort on the 
