72 TELEOSTEI: ISOSPONDYLI. — XIII. 



sides silvery. Head 4 ; depth 6. D. 18 ; A. 13. L. 5. N. Y. to 



Fla., scurce. (Alosa teres Dekay.) (Corruption of sardine.) 



72. CLUPEA (Artedi) Linnneus. (Lat., herring.) 



a. Vomor with an oviite patch of minute teeth; serratures on belly very 

 weak. 



1C7. C. hareng;us L. Common IlKiiKiNc. Body clonj^ate, 

 tilt' scak's deciduous; theeks longer than high; upper jaw scarcely 

 eniarginate; gill rakers X -|- 40 ; D. inserted hefore \'.\ lower fins 

 small ; peritoneum dusky. Blue, silvery on sides. Head 4^; 

 depth 4^. D. 18. A. 17. Lat. 1. 57. Scutes, 28 -f 13. L. 12. 

 N. Atlantic, everywhere, S. to Cape Cod; spawns in the sea. (JSu.) 

 (Low Latin, herring.) 



aa. Vomer without teeth ; ventral serratures very strong; upper jaw emar- 

 pinate. 

 b. Cheeks notablv lonpcr than deep, the prcopercle produced forward 

 below ; body not very deep; depth 3^ or more in length. (Pomvlobus 

 Kafinesque.) 

 c. Teeth in jaws all disappearing with age, a small patch sometimes re- 

 maining on tongue. 

 d. Peritoneum pale. 



168. C . mediocris Mitchill. Taii.ok IIerrino. Fall IIf.r- 

 RING. Mattowacca. Head rather long, the profile Straight and 

 not very steep ; form more elliptical than in the next and less 

 heavy forwards; opercles less eniarginate below ; fins low. Bluish 

 above ; sides with faint longitudinal stre.aks. Head 4 ; depth 3|. 

 D. 15. A. 21. Lat. 1. 50. Ventral scutes, 20 -\- IG. Cape Cod to 

 Fla., chiefiy S. 



Ifif). C. pseudoharengus Wilson. Alewffe. Oasperkau. 

 Branch Hkrking. Wall-eykd Herring. Body deep, heavy 

 forward ; head short, nearly as deep as long ; eye large, 3.\ in head; 

 gill rakers long, about X -j- 35 ; first ray of U. aliout eipial to base 

 of fin; lower lobe of C. longer; fins rather high, lilnish, sides 

 silvery, with faint dark streaks along rows of scales; a round dark 

 spot at shoulder. Head rj ; depth 3 J. D. 16. A. H». Lat. 1. 50. 

 Scutes 21 -j- 14. L. 15. Newfoundland to S. C, abundant, entering 

 streams to spawn ; landlocked in lakes of W. N. Y. {Clupea ver- 

 nalis Mifchill, 1815, but according to Dr. Gill, the paper of Alex- 

 ander Wilson was i)ublished before 1H14. See McDonald, Xat. 

 Hist. Aqiiat. Anim. 580, 594.) (^rCdor, false; herring.) 

 </</. reritonoum black. 



170. C. jBBtivalia Mitchill. (Ilut-II erring. Blue-back. 

 Bi.ArK-nEM.Y. SiMMKR Hkkrino. Very close to the preced- 

 ing, the b(j<ly more elongate, tlie fins lower, and the eyes smaller, 

 the back darker. First ray of dorsal not equal to base of fin. 



