74 TELEOSTEI : ISOSPONDYLI. — XIII. 



dant, spawninjj in sea ; used for oil and manure. (.V parasitic 

 crustacean. Ouisrui^ jmi t/ii.'<l(itor Latrobe, is fouml in the moutli of 

 tliis lish. The names of l)oth speeies refer to this fact; the ancient 

 Roman Emperors {tip-dimi) havinj^ had their tasters (prctgusta- 

 torts) to try their food before tliem. to prevent poisoning.) 



75. DOROSOMA llafinesquc. (^bopos, ianee ; aoofxa, body.) 



17.'). D. cepedianum (Le Sueur). (Jizzahi) Sh.vd. IIkkouy 

 Shad. Mid Shad. White-kykd Shad. Haiky-hack. liody 

 deep, compressed; the scales thin, deciduous; head small; snout 

 sliort, blunt; mandible enlarged at base ; gill rakers very slender, 

 not very long ; an adipose eyelid; D. about median, its fdanunt 

 about as long as head ; C. widely forked, its lower lobes longer ; 

 belly sharply serrate. Bluish, sides silvery; young with a round 

 dark shoulder spot. Head 4|; depth 2^ (2 to 3); eye 4^ in head. 

 D. 12. A. 31. Lat. 1. 56. Scutes 17-f-l 2. L. 15. Cape Cod to 

 Mexico ; abundant S. entering all rivers ; permanently resident 

 throughout the Miss. Valley. A handsome, mud-loving fish, nearly 

 worthless as food. (To Bernard (Jermain Etienne, Comte dc La 

 Cepede, afterwards " Citoyen Lacepede.") 



FA.MILY XXXI. STOLEPHORID^. (The Anchovies.) 



Body elongate, compressed, with thin, deciduous scales ; mouth 

 very large; the pointed, pig-like snout, usually extending beyond 

 it ; ma.xillarv v(>ry long and slender, of about 3 pieces, extending 

 backward far beyond the eye ; prema.xillaries small; teeth usually 

 very small ; eye large, well forward ; gill rakers long and slender. 

 B. 7 to 14; no lateral line ; belly rounded, or weakly serrate; no 

 ailijiose fin ; C. forked. Small fishes swimming in lar^e sciiools, 

 abundant in all warm seas. Genera 'J, speeies about Go, most of 

 them belonging to Stolephorus. 



a, (Jill mi'iiitiranps scarcely connocffd; pill openings very wide; no pcctoml 

 lilaiiicnts; .\. moileratc, bcjjiiiiiinLC lu'liiiul I).; ii.wor jaw incliuli'il ; iiui.x- 

 iliary nut extending beyond gill openings; teeth very small <>r wanting. 



SroLKriioKUs, 76. 



76. STOLEPHORUS Laccpede. (Knffraulix Cuvier.) ((rroXiJ, 



a >toli'; f/jo/joir, bearing, in allusion to the silvery band.) 



a. Body compressed, mnderntely elongate, the depth more than one-liflh the 

 length; insertion of I), nearer (". than tip of snout. 

 b. Anal long, its rays about 2(i, its base 3i in body. 



176. 8. mltchilli (Cuv. & Val.). Snout rather blunt, little pro- 

 jecting; body much compressed; both jaws witli teeth ; eye very 

 lar^e. Pale, a narrow, diffuse, silvery lateral band, little broader 

 tha"n pupil. Head .-4; depth 4. D. 14. A. 26. Lat. 1. 37. L. 2^. 



