84 TELEOSTEI : IIAPLOMI. — XIV. 



upper jaw formed by jirprnfixillarios; teeth various; gill membranes 

 somewhat conneeted, free from isthmus; li. 4 to G; D. single, 

 inserted posteriorly, rarely preceded by a spine; C. not forked; 

 stomach siphonal, without ]tyloric cx'ca; sexes unlike ; some spe- 

 cies ovoviviparous. (Jenera 30; species 140; in fresh and brackish 

 waters of all warm regions. Most of them are small in size, and 

 some species of Heterandrin are i)erhaps tlie smallest of fishes. 'Ihe 

 species here mentioned are carnivorous, surface swimmers; many 

 southern species feed on mud and slime. 



a. Inti'stinal caiiiil short, but little convoluted; deiitary bones firmly united; 



teeth li.xed; carnivorous species. 



6. Ovipimius species, tlie anal lin of the male not modified into an intromits 



tent orj^an. (Cyprinodontina:.) 



c. Teeth in a single series, incisor-like, notched; dorsal of 10 or 11 rays, 



the first ray small; gill openings restricted above; body stout and 



deep Cvi'KiNouoN, 88. 



cc. Teeth point<^d; ventrals present; air-bladder present. 

 e. Ti'cth in more than one series. 

 y. Dorsal rather large, well forward; Jts rays usually 11 to 18, the 



first above or ill front of A Fundulijs, 89. 



ff. Dorsal small and posteriorly placed, its rays 7 to 10; the first 

 generally behind front of the small anal; size small. 



Zygonectes, 90. 

 ec. Teeth in one series; D. inserted before A.; D. and A. short, of 9 



to 13 rays Li;cama, 91. 



W. Ovoviviparous sjiecies, the anal fin of tlie male advanced and modified 

 into a sword-shaped intromittent organ. (Annblepina.) 



ff. Eye normal, not divided by crosswise partition; jaws short; 

 fins small; D. inserted beliind A. . . . Gamuusia, 92. 



88. CYPRINODON Lacepede. (Kvnpivos, carp; 68av, tooth.) 



200. C. variegatus Lace|H\de. Body short, deep, compressed ; 

 humeral scale 4 times size of others ; ^ steel-blue, more or less 

 copper-red below ; C. with black bar at base and tip ; 9 oliva- 

 ceous, sides silvery, with irre<:;ular dark cross-streaks; a dark spot 

 on D. behind. Head .3; depth in adult about 2. D. 10. A. 10. 

 Scales 2.')-r2. L. 2 to 4 inclies, southern specimens being larger 

 and more brightly colored. Cape Cod to Texas, in brackish 

 waters. 



89. FUNDULUS Lacepede. (Lat., fundtis, bottom; they 



often bury in the mud.) 



«. Scales comparatively large, about 36 in a lengthwise series, 13 in a cross- 

 series. 

 A. Branchiostegals ; cf with dark cross-bars and a black dorsal spot; 9 

 with l<>ii)^itu<Iinnl black bands. 



201. P. majalis (Walbaum). Kii.likish. M.vy-i isii. Head 

 long, with long snout; I), moderate; A. very high in ^ ; eye mo«l- 

 erate; ^ olivaceous, brassy on sides; with about 12 bars of color 



