232 AVES : ANSEIIES, — XXXV. 



and black, the dark wavid lines unbroken ; breast, rump, etc., 

 black; bellv white ; s|ieculiun bluish };ray. tipped with white; 9 

 duller; bilfand feet dull blui>h. J.. -JO.' \\ . W. T. 3. li. L>1. 

 N. Am., almndaut. 



b. Bill OS long as niiddle toe without claw, ltd tip tlattened, the nail little 



hooked. (ArUtvnttta Baird.) 



700. A. vallisneria (Wilson). Canvas-hack Duck. Head 

 and neck dark reddish brown ; black wavy lines on back broken, 

 the whitish predominating; bill dusky. L. 23. W. 9. T. 3. 

 B. 2 J. N. Am.; especially coastwise in winter; a bird highly 

 valued by epicures, but ordinarily not superior to any of the river- 

 ducks. (Vallisneria spiralis, the "Water Celery," on which the 

 bird feeds.) 



aa. Bill wider toward end than at base; cf with head and neck black. {Fu- 

 ligtda Stepiiens.) 



c. Spcculiiin wluto, tipped with black. 



701. A. marila (L.). Big Scaup Duck. Blue Bill. Raft 

 Duck. Flocking Fowl. Head, neck, and breast black; no 

 ring al)Out neck ; back and sides whitish, the back finely waved 

 with black ; 9 with face white ; the head and neck snuffy brown. 

 L. 20. W. 9. Northern regions, the American bird is var. 

 nearctica Stejneger, its 6 inner quills without white on inner web. 

 (juipiXr], charcoal.) 



702. A. aflBnis (Eyton). Lk89er Scaup Duck. Similar, but 

 smaller; the sides vermiculate with blackish. L. 16. W. 8. T. 

 2^. N. Am. (Lat., related.) 



cc. Speculum bluish £?ray. 



703. A. colleiris (Donovan). Ring-necked Duck. J with an 

 orange brown collar about neck; blackish above; crissum black; 

 lower parts white ; wings brown ; 9 chictly brown, without collar. 

 L. 18. W. 8^. T. 2}. N. Am. (Lat., 'collared.) 



356. CLANGULA Leach. (Clangor, noise.) 



704. C. clangula (L.). (Joluex-kve. Gaiikot. (J head puffy, 

 glossv green with a round white sj)ot lieforc eye not touching bill; 

 upper parts bla«k ; white continuous on outer surfjice of wing; 9 

 head duller, snuff-eolored and scarcely puffy, the IkxIv brownish. 

 L. K; to 19. W. 8^. T. 3.J. N. Am., coniMion; "meat bad, rank 

 and fishy." (7^".) The Amer. bird is var. americana Bonap. 



705. C.ialandica(Gmelin). Bakrow's Golden-eve. Similar; 

 bead almost crested in J ; gloss of head purplish ; a roundish white 

 space In-fore eye touching base of bill ; white of wing divided by a 

 dark line; 9 hea.l dark brown. L. 22. W. 10. T. 3j. N. U. S. 

 and N. ; rare, (/iw.) (From Iceland.) 



