LOBES AND FISSURES OF THE LIVER. 



381 



concave ; the circumference is thick and rounded behind and on the 

 rio-ht, but becomes gradually less so towards the left and front borders5^ 

 which are sharp and thin. 



The liver is divided into two unequal lobes, a right and a left, and on 

 the under surface of the right lobe arc three secondary lobes or lobules, 

 named the lobe of Spigelius, the caudate or tailed lobe, and the square 

 lobe. 



Five fissures or fossa) are likewise described ; viz., the transverse or 

 portal ; the umbilical fissure and the fissure of the ductus venosus, to- 

 gether forming the longitudinal fissure ; the fossa of the vena cava and 

 the fossa for the gall bladder. 



Surfaces. — The upper surface of the organ is convex, smooth, and 

 covered with peritoneum. It is marked off iuto a right ])ortion, large 

 and convex, and a left portion, smaller and flatter, by the line of attach 

 nient of the fold of peritoneum named the falciform or broad ligament. 



The under surface (fig. 273) looks somewhat backwards, and is 

 concave and uneven. It is invested with peritoneum everywhere ex- 

 cept where the gall-bladder is adherent to it, and at the portal fissure 

 and fissure of the ductus venosus, where the fold of peritoneum (lesser 

 omentum) comes olf, which encloses the blood-vessels and ducts of the 



Fig. 273. 



Fig. 273. — Lower Surface op the Liver with the Principaii Blood-vessels and 

 Ducts (from Sappey). 3 



1, left lobe ; 2, 3, 4, 5, right lobe ; 6, lobulus quadratus ; 7, pons liepatis ; 8, 9, 10, 

 lobulus Spigelii ; 11, lobulus caudatus ; 12, 13, transverse or portal fissure with the 

 great vessels ; 11, heixitic artery ; 15, vena portre ; 16, anterior part of the longitudinal 

 fissure, containing 17, the round ligament or remains of the obliterated umbilical vein ; 

 18, posterior part of the same fissure, containing 19, the obliterated ductus venosus ; 20, 

 21, 22, gall-bladder ; 23, cystic duct ; 21, hepatic duct ; 25, fossa containing 26, the 

 vena cava inferior ; 27, opening of a small vein from the capsule of the organ ; 28, small 

 part of the trunk of the riglit hepatic vein ; 29, trunk of the left hepatic vein ; 30, 31, 

 openings of the right and left diaphragmatic veins. 



yIscus, and passes to the smaller curvature of the stomach. On this 

 surface the lobes and fissures of the liver are observed. 



