CATALOGUE OF VERTEBRATES. 739 



pores much developed ; ear bones large ; dorsal fin not continuous ; 

 air-bladder large, perhaps used in producing peculiar grunting sounds, 

 by squeezing air into lateral horns. 



POGONIAS, Lac. 



(Labrus.) 



P. chromis, L. {faseiatus, Holb.) Big Drum. Banded Drum. 



Grayish silvery, with four to five broad, dark, vertical bars 

 that disappear with age (once considered as two species as to 

 whether " banded " or not ; the young are banded, large examples 

 not) ; body compressed, oblong, with steep profile ; scales large 

 (except on breast) ; pectoral fins large ; head scaly on top ; outline 

 of belly not much curved ; upper jaw longest ; teeth small ; lower 

 pharyngeals united, armed with paved teeth ; lower jaw with 

 short barbels; second anal spine very large. Dorsal rays, X, 

 I, 20 ; anal rays, II, 6 ; lateral-line scales, 50. Abundant south- 

 ward. Occasionally schools of them raid the planted beds of the 

 oystermen and make sad havoc. 



"Pogonias chromis. Big Drum. 



" This is by no means as common as the succeeding species, 

 but is neverthele&s not a rare species. They are met with from 

 Sandy Hook to Cape May, during the summer and early autumn. 



" Pogonias faseiatus. Banded Drum (young of preceding). 



" This well-known species is abundant in the bays along the 

 coast, and is frequently found on the beach after a storm, killed 

 by the violence of the waves." 



SOI^NA, L. 



S. chrysura, Lac. (punctata, argyroleucus, Homoprion xanthurus, Bodianus, 

 Perca, Corvina, Bairdiella.) Silver Perch. Yellow-tail, &c. 



Greenish above, silvery below, each scale with a group of dark 

 points in center ; fins plain, caudal yellow ; body robust ; head 

 conical ; preopercle serrated at its angle ; jaws with stout teeth ; 

 region between eyes narrow and normal ; anal fin small and far 

 back ; pectorals short, pharyngeals separate, with sharp teeth ; 

 chin with pores, no barbels ; teeth in jaws in one main series, 

 bands narrow. Dorsal rays, XI, I, 22 ; anal rays, II, 9 ; 

 lateral-line scales, 50. 



