80 VENOMOUS SNAKES AND THE PHENOMENA OF THEIR VENOMS 
series they employed the venom of Crotalus adamanteus, Crotalus terrificus, 
Ancistrodon piscivorus, and of Cobra, but the results recorded here speak only 
for the globulins of Crotalus adamanteus. ‘They laid special stress upon this, 
as they did not find the globulins of all venoms to be identical, a fact which 
agrees very well with the later investigations by certain authors on venoms 
other than Crotalus adamanteus. 
(a2) Water-venom globulin: When a sufficient amount of distilled water 
is added to venom a whitish precipitate occurs which settles to the bottom 
of the glass, leaving in the course of a few hours a perfectly clear supernatant 
fluid. If sufficient water has been added at first, the addition of more water 
to the clear liquid will not cause any further precipitate. The precipitate is 
this fraction. 
(b) Copper-venom globulin: After separating water-venom globulin the 
filtrate can be gradually precipitated by carefully adding a few drops of a 
ro per cent solution of copper sulphate. An excess of this reagent causes a 
complete or a partial re-solution of the precipitate. After standing 24 hours, 
during which precipitation increases, the deposit is separated by filtration as 
usual. The filtrate will produce no more precipitate by adding another few 
drops of cupric sulphate and standing another 24 hours. ‘This fraction did 
not give any reaction for copper, as tested with ammonia, or ferrocyanide 
and acetic acid, and was therefore considered not to be a salt of this metal. 
(c) Dialysis-venom globulin: ‘The filtrate, after the separation of the two 
globulins above mentioned, still contains some coagulable proteins (by boiling). 
The filtrate yields also a considerable amount of precipitate when dialyzed 
against running water for 24 hours. This is the last fraction of the coagula- 
ble proteins of venom. The only proteins still left in the filtrate belong to 
the non-coagulable proteins and were placed by them among the peptones. 





TABLE 3. 
Water-venom globulin. Copper-venom globulin. | Dialysis-venom globulin. 
Sod. aie (0.75 per | Slightly soluble ....... Imsolublet esc reteie ss Insoluble. 
cent). 
Sod. chloride (ro per | Soluble .............. Oss <icre ee eee Slightly soluble. 
cent). 
Carbonic acid (satur.). . Os... cnicisiey eno dose een ace Soluble. 
Sod. carbonate........ Very soluble; no precipi-| Very soluble; precipi-| Very soluble. 
tation by CO2. tation by CO>. 
Hydrochloric acid (0.4 | Very soluble.......... Very soluble sree Do. 
per cent). 
Metaphosph. acid..... Insolublencnucae ns sce Imsolubles ie nreeeee eee | Insoluble; yellowish 
tint. 
Orxthophosphiadcid) 2-1: Soluble an cscs ees Very soluble .......... Very soluble. 
Sod. metaphosphate ...} Insoluble............. nisolablestrcs mice ae Do. 
Sod. orthophosphate...| Very soluble.......... Iessisoluble. ..2.452 sis). Still less soluble. 
Pot. ‘sulphatess...2) 5. GCOSs Hitac Spacers Tesoluble 73: ec. ss: Insoluble. 
Calexchiorides jon: Ossett prde meee essisolubler amass oer Less soluble. 
Acetic acid (5 per cent). : Soluble wimecyskeseiecior Very soluble. 
Ncetic-acids (Glacial) ih "e sem GOsne saree teres GOP ievats She aerehers Do. 




Finally, the venom peptone was prepared by dialysis. Elimination of 
the coagulable proteins by boiling was unsatisfactory, because it never gave 
