284 VENOMOUS SNAKES AND THE PHENOMENA OF THEIR VENOMS 
SUMMARY. 
1. The lytic principles of venom for blood corpuscles are active over a 
wider group of animals than the agglutinative principles. 
2. The more distant, as a rule, the animal groups are from the vertebrates 
the less the susceptibility of their blood corpuscles to venom lysins and agglu- 
tinins. 
3. In one instance only—that of Sphenoides maculatus—did the blood 
corpuscles prove wholly insusceptible to the action of venom. ‘This animal 
is, however, susceptible to the toxic action of venom, although crotalus venom 
produces death without causing hemorrhage. According, therefore, to the 
view of the constitution of venom held by Professor Flexner and myself, 
this animal is subject chiefly to the action of the neurotoxic constituent of 
venom. 
4. Cobra venom contains the largest and crotalus venom the smallest num- 
ber of hemolytic units, while moccasin venom contains the largest number 
of agglutinative units for these bloods. 
5. The mechanism of venom lysis in these animals is identical with that 
in warm-blooded animals. Complements are therefore present in all verte- 
brates and many, at least, invertebrate species. 
6. The heat liability of the venom agglutinins and hemolysins for cold- 
blooded animals agrees closely with that for warm-blooded animals. 
EFFECTS OF SNAKE VENOMS ON THE NERVE TISSUES, OVA, AND 
SPERMATOZOA. 
The marked cytolytic properties of various snake venoms upon the nerve 
tissues, ova, and spermatozoa have already been described in detail under 
the heading cytolysins in snake venom and neurolysis im vitro, and I shall not 
repeat at this place. It suffices to say that the individual groups of these cells 
are affected by various venoms in various manners, depending upon the 
source of the materials. 
