Clifton College Scientific Society. 87 



tlie ammonio-nitrate (AgN032.H3N) ; sulplmric dioxide be- 

 haves iu the same way with the nitrate (AgNOj) ; the addition 

 of maugauese dioxide (MUO2) destroys tliem both. 



The analogy of ozone with hydroxyl {H2O2) is also most 

 striking, both these bodies being also similarly constituted. 

 In 1852 it had been satisfactorily proved that ozone consisted 

 entu-ely of oxygen ; the constitution of its particles had as 

 yet evoked no enquiry. Schonbein, in a letter addressed to 

 Professor Faraday, dated June 25, 1858, first propounded his 

 elaborate and ingenious theory. It was followed in 1860 by 

 an important paper by Andrews and Tait on the volumetric 

 relation of ozone, in which they took the view of the case 

 proposed by Dr. Odling — that ozone should be considered as 

 a binoxide of oxygen (OO2), while the molecule of ordinary 

 oxygen as oxide of oxygen (00). 



They found that on agitating mercury with ozonized air 

 no contraction followed, although the ozone entered into 

 combination with the mercury. Two theories are here ad- 

 missible ; (1) that the ozone was in such a state of conden- 

 sation that, in comparison with a great bulk of oxygen, no 

 appreciable disappearance could be discerned ; or (2) that a 



01 

 molecule of ordinary oxygen ^ y was united with an atom 



of allotropic oxygen 0, with condensation of one-third. 



Ozone will accordingly be thus represented — q j- ©, and will 



contain a volume of ordinary oxygen equal to its own. On 

 the oxidation of any substance the atom of allotropic oxygen 

 is fixed, while the ordinary oxygen is liberated, and thus 

 indicates no contraction. Soret finds that ozone is absorbed 

 entirely by oil of turpentine (CioH,g), and the decrease in 

 volume is double that of the increase formed by the decom- 

 position of ozone by heat, which is confirmatory of the second 

 theory. 



Schonbein found that when ozone is shaken up with 

 hydroxyl {H.^0^, oxygen and water only are formed, as 

 represented in the following hypothetical equation : — 



ewe+HoO 0=2-0 e+H^e 



in which represents the allotropic modification of oxygen 

 contained in ozone, and © the active principle of another 

 opposite corresponding form, called by him antozone, these 

 two modifications being in an opposite polar condition. The 

 product of their union is ordinary oxygen, by means of the 

 reciprocal neutralization of their electric conditions. Thus: — 

 + = .3'0 



