Clifton College Scientf/ic Society. 25 



and gave way to the pointed arch of the early English time. One of 

 the most beautiful specimens of this style is the Lady Chapel of 

 Hereford, which was built between the years 1230 and 1250. It 

 consists of three bays, having in each two lancet windows with richly 

 clustered shafts, at the intersection of which are small heads and 

 capitals of early English leafage. It was erected, according to the 

 usual practice, at the east end of the choir. Some 40 or 50 years 

 after its completion, a further extension of the church, changing the 

 shape of the ground plan fi-om a single to a double cross, was effected 

 by the building of the eastern transepts north and south. At the 

 same time the present clerestory and stone vaulting were added to the 

 Norman choir, and the aisles were rebuilt. About the middle of the 

 14th century the north transept was enlarged to hold the remains of 

 St. Thomas of Cantilupe, one of the most celebrated Bishops of 

 Hereford. Following the custom of the time, he was no less dis- 

 tinguished as a lawyer than as an ecclesiastic, and became Lord 

 Chancellor of England to Henry III. The name of his old London 

 residence, Cantilowe's Town as it was called, still exists in the 

 corrupted form of Kentish Town. He died in Italy, in 1282, on his 

 return fi'ora Rome, whither he had gone to obtain redress for en- 

 croachments made on the I'ights of his church by the Archbishop of 

 Canterbury. His bones were brought to his own Cathedral, being 

 first deposited in the Lady Chapel, and transferred to the transejjt on 

 its completion in 1286. The shrine, when first erected and for many 

 years after, was visited by pilgrims and travellers from all parts of 

 Europe. Matthew, of Paris, assures us that soon after the arrival of 

 the remains, no fewer than 1 63 miracles were performed here. This 

 Bishop was the last Englishman who was canonized. 



The most interesting point in connection with the Cantilupe aisle, 

 as it is called, is, that over the pointed windows on the east and north 

 sides are found circular windows in round arched niches. It is not 

 often that the circular arches are to be found, as in this case, over the 

 pointed ones. The only other instance of it that I know of is to be 

 found at Llanthony Abbey, in the north of Monmouthshire. 



It was at this time that the central tower received the decorated 

 work with which it is so profusely covered. A west tower was also 

 erected about the same time. Thus, with the Cantilupe aisle, the work 

 on the central tower and the smaller transepts are all in the decorated 

 style which then began to prevail. 



The next addition to the Cathedral Church, made between 1453 

 and 1474, is Bishop Stanbery's chantry on the north side of the choir, 

 which is a very good example of the late perpendicular. The vault- ' 

 ing is richly groined, and at the angles of the chapel are some very 

 grotesque capitals. A little later were built the Audry Chapel, the 

 north porch, and the cloisters, 



This was the form of the Cathedral, and thus it remained, seemingly, 

 without any attempts being made to keep it in preservation, until. 



