86 



"With large and sinewy hands, 



And the muscles of his brawny arms 



Are strong as iron bands. 



His hair is crisp and black and long ; 



His face is like the tan, 



His brow is wet with honest sweat, 



He earns whate'er he can, 



And looks the whole world in the face, 



For ho owes not any man. 



And children coming home from school 



Look in at the open door ; 

 They love to see the flaming forge 

 And hear the bellows roar. 

 And catch the burning .sparks that fly 

 Like chaft' from a threshing floor." 



I am afraid I have left myself but little time to notice the two I'e - 

 maining classes of Surnames, viz., those derived from office and those 

 Avhich were bestowed in the first place as Nicknames and afterwards 

 became hereditary. I must therefore hurry over this part of my subject. 

 Of the former many of them are due to the mock ceremonies, outdoor 

 pageantries and rural games of the middle ages. Of such are King, 

 Pope and Pape, Cardinal, Bishop, Abbot, Duke, Lord, Barron, Monk — 

 others are due to the offices their owners held, as Vicars, Parson, Priest- 

 man, Chaplin, Clerk, Crozier, i.e. he who bore the jjastoral staff, Latimer, 

 i.e. Latiner or teacher of Latin. We have also rej^resented, the Mayor, 

 Sheriff, Eeeve, Burgess, Beadle, Clerk, and Wake or Watchman, i.e. the 

 modern Policeman — and Constable, Forester, Parker, Woodruffe, i.e. Wood- 

 reeve, Fowler, Falconer, Messenger, Spencer, i.e. he who had charge of 

 the buttery or spence, as well as Butler, i.e. Bottler, he who had charge 

 of the bottles, an important office in the days of our hard-drinking 

 forefathers. 



The Surnames owing their origin to soiibriquets or nicknames are so 

 numerous that I almost shrink from touching upon them here. It is a 

 curious but well known fact that in the history of our religious sects as 

 well as of our political parties, the names by which they are now best 

 known are those bestowed upon them by the outside world,- not the 



